The ternary system of x[Pb(ZnNbO. ( )[Pb(ZrTi)O] composition with " " varying from 0.1 to 0.6 with interval of 0.1 and " " varying from 0.46 to 0.52 with interval of 0.01 was studied. The main objective was to maximize the dielectric and electromechanical properties through compositional variation and then to establish the full property matrix of the optimized composition for further analysis and device applications. Ceramics with pure perovskite phase have been produced in the entire compositional range that was investigated. The highest ferroelectric and electromechanical properties were obtained at the 0.4[Pb(ZnNb)O-0.6[Pb(ZrTi)O]-(0.4 PZN-0.6 PZT) composition with remanent polarization ( ) of /cm, piezoelectric charge coefficient (d) of 465 pC/N, and electromechanical coupling coefficients ( , , and ) of 0.67, 0.52, and 0.77, respectively. Full property matrix for 0.4 PZN-0.6 PZT was obtained and was used as input in the finite-elements analysis of ceramics in disc and hemispherical shell form. Hollow spherical omnidirectional transducers were fabricated from the lead zinc niobate-lead zirconate titanate (PZN-PZT) ceramics as a device prototype, and underwater characteristics have been determined and reported for these transducers.

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Random and <001> textured potassium sodium niobate -[K,Na]NbO 3 (KNN) ceramics with 1 mole% CuO sintering aid were fabricated in ribbon form through a combination of novel alginate gelation process and templated grain growth methods using platelike sodium niobate -NaNbO 3 (NN) template particles. The platelike NN template particles were prepared by a two-step molten salt synthesis method. Ribbons were drawn from alginate-based slurries without or with 10 wt% NN template particles using 50 mm long slit nozzle with a rectangular orifice of 10 mm 3 1 mm. Development of crystallographic texture as a result of varying sintering time and temperature was evaluated through the calculation of the degree of orientation as measured by the Lotgering factor (ƒ (001) ) and an ƒ (001) of 0.81 was achieved. The electrical properties of textured ribbons were evaluated with polarization and strain versus electric field measurements.

Ternary compositions of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PZT) piezoelectric ceramic have been investigated with an aim to optimize the electrical properties for piezoelectric applications. Quenching from temperatures above the Curie point was proved to enhance the properties up to two folds in the 0.40PMN-0.25PZ-0.35PT composition. This enhancement is believed to have arisen as a result of the freezing of defect dipoles in their random distribution, and thus prevention of their domain pinning effect. Texturing the optimum composition using BaTiO 3 template particles through templated grain growth process and quenching the textured ceramic led to further enhancement with piezoelectric charge coefficient increasing from 190 to 750 pC/N, relative permittivity increasing from 860 to 1815 and remanent polarization increasing from 16 to 30 μC/cm 2 . K E Y W O R D Selectrical properties, lead magnesium, niobates, piezoelectric materials/properties, tape casting, texture SUPPORTING INFORMATIONAdditional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section.How to cite this article: Dursun S, Mensur-Alkoy E, Unver MU, Alkoy S. Enhancement of electrical properties in the ternary PMN-PT-PZ through compositional variation, crystallographic texture, and quenching.

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