Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impaired social and communication skills as well as restrictive or repetitive patterns of behavior. These impairments significantly influence the manner in which children with autism interact with the environment. Competency level of parents affects their care and management for autistic child. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of an educational training on mother's competency level for managing the children with autism. Materials and Method: This study was conducted on fifty mothers and their autistic children at Child Psychiatry outpatient clinic in Psychiatry and Neurology Center in Tanta University. Four tools were used: Biosociodemographic, knowledge and attitude structured interview schedule, Social Communication questionnaire, Parent sense of competency scale, and Mothers' practices structured interview schedule. The data were collected before, immediately after and 3 months after implementation of educational training. Results: The main results revealed significant increase in mother's competency level, decreased emotional stress and increased maternal satisfaction regarding parenting role and care of their autistic children. Conclusion: there was improvement in mother's competency level for managing their children with autism. This study recommended that parents should be actively involved in their children's intervention. Continuous health education programs are necessary to improve parenting approaches and coping strategies.

Background: Failure to thrive describes an infant or child who does not gain weight at the expected rate. The current study's objective was to evaluate mothers' expertise and practices regarding care of their infants suffering from failure to thrive. Research design: A descriptive research design was used. subjects: One hundred fifty mothers and their infants from pediatric outpatient endocrine clinic of Tanta University Hospital and outpatient follow up clinic of Urban medical center of Sidi Salem, Kafr El Sheikh were included. Three Tools were used to collect the required data: Structured interview schedule to obtain socio-demographic characteristics of studied mothers and their infants, observational checklist to assess mothers , feeding practice related to care of their infants with failure to thrive and nutritional assessment sheet to assess infant , growth. The results revealed that, most of mothers who had low and moderate level of knowledge had unsatisfactory practices. Between mothers , knowledge and practice there is no statistically significant difference. The relationship between mothers' knowledge and their demographic data was statistically significant. Conclusion: there were statistically significant difference between total mothers , knowledge and practice scores of mothers about failure to thrive and feeding pattern, there were significant relation between mothers , knowledge and their demographic data. Recommendations: the current study recommended that, in service educational program about failure to thrive and feeding patterns should be conducted at endocrine clinic to mothers of infant with failure to thrive and nurses. Mothers and nurses should have access to a manual logbook about how to care for infants who are failing to thrive in order to improve their practises in endocrine clinic as areference and further study should be conducted about failure to thrive.

Preschool period is a crucial stage of life in terms of a child's physical, intellectual, emotional, and social development, health promotion knowledge of pre-school caregivers is an important factor that affects children's health. Nursery school is essentially an important place for preschool children to learn healthy eating, adequate hydration, exercise, proper hygiene, teeth care, and controlling emotions with their classmates. Caregivers as educators should make preschool children aware of the dangers of unhealthy behaviors which cause fall, burn, bleeding, and airway obstruction. By teaching children how to stay healthy and safe, caregivers prepare children for these times by teaching them; to deal with accidents and an emergency. Aimed of the present study was to determine the effect of health promotion guidelines on knowledge and practice of caregivers at nursery schools. Convenience sample caregivers contacted by children from 3-6years working at 20 nurseries. The total number of sample was 60 caregivers. Tools of data collection included A structured interview questionnaire & observational checklist and health promotion guidelines to assess Caregivers' knowledge and practice about health promotion of preschool children. Results: There were statistically significant differences in relation to knowledge and practice scores of the caregivers throughout the three phases of the guidelines intervention. Conclusion, it was concluded that guidelines effect on caregivers' knowledge and practice regarding health promotion of preschool children. Recommendation of this study was to provision of health guidelines for caregivers especially those new about health promotion and the needs of preschool children.

This study aimed to evaluate evidence based nurses' practice for children undergoing abdominal stoma outcome. Materials and Method: A quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study, that was conducted in Pediatric Surgical Department of Tanta University Hospital. All available nurses (40 nurses) working in previously mentioned setting and a purposive sample of 40 children divided into two equal groups and admitted to pediatric surgical unit undergoing abdominal stoma operation were taken from the above mentioned setting. Structured questionnaire schedule to assess socio demographic data of nurses and children , Nurses' knowledge regarding to stoma care 2) Nurses performance checklist regarding stoma care , peristomal skin observation checklist to observe the quality of nursing care provided for children undergoing stoma operation and detect the extent and severity of stoma and peristomal skin complications. Results : most of the nurses had poor levels of knowledge and performance related to stoma operation before application of evidence based practice and their knowledge and performance improved immediately and post three months of evidence based practice Moreover ,conditions of stomas and peristomal skin improved after nurses practiced evidence based practice. Conclusion : On the light of the current study results, it can be concluded that educational and training program was effective regarding improvement of nurses' knowledge and performance. Recommendations: continuing periodically in-service training programs should be introduced to the nurses on regular basis by different methods and materials of teaching .