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Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a de-identified dataset of patients with COVID-19 admitted to our community hospital in Evanston, Illinois, from March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021. We then identified patients from the first wave as those admitted during the initial peak of admissions observed at our hospital between March 1, 2020, and September 3, 2020. The second wave was defined as those admitted during the second peak of admissions observed between October 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021. Results A total of 671 patients were included. Of those, 399 (59.46%) were identified as patients from the first wave, and 272 (40.54%) were identified as patients from the second wave. Significantly more patients received steroids (86.4% vs. 47.9%, p <.001), remdesivir (59.6% vs. 9.5%, p <.001), humidified high-flow nasal cannula (18% vs. 6.5%, p <.001) and noninvasive ventilation (11.8% vs. 3.3%, p <.001) during the second wave. Patients from the first wave had a greater hazard for death compared to patients from the second wave (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.62, 95% CI 1.08 – 2.43; p =.019). Conclusion Among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in our community hospital, we observed a decrease in case-fatality rate in the second surge of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the first wave.

reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. carbon dioxide 30 [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] mmHg and median temperature 37.1 [36.8-37.3]°C. After removal of artefacts, the mean monitoring time was 22 h08 (8 h54). All patients had impaired cerebral autoregulation during their monitoring time. The mean IAR index was 17 (9.5) %. During H 0 H 6 and H 18 H 24 , the majority of our patients; respectively 53 and 71 % had an IAR index > 10 %. Conclusion According to our data, patients with septic shock had impaired cerebral autoregulation within the first 24 hours of their admission in the ICU. In our patients, we described a variability of distribution of impaired autoregulation according to time. ReferencesSchramm P, Klein KU, Falkenberg L, et al. Impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with severe sepsis and sepsis-associated delirium. Crit Care 2012; 16: R181. Aries MJH, Czosnyka M, Budohoski KP, et al. Continuous determination of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in traumatic brain injury. Crit. Care Med. 2012.

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