Visual inspection plays a very important role in ensuring quality in the manufacturing and service industries. Two determinants of inspection performance are visual search and decision-making. Improvement in any one of the components will have an impact on system performance. Job-aids, accompanied by training, have proven to be effective in enhancing accuracy and reducing search time in visual inspection systems. This article aims to investigate the effects of search strategy along with task complexity and pacing on inspection performance using a job-aiding tool. To facilitate the experiments, an enhanced job-aiding tool in a simulated visual inspection environment was developed. This tool enables an inspector to track his or her search path in visual inspection systems. A pilot study and two experiments were conducted using this tool. The pilot study examined the effectiveness of the job-aiding tool. The first experiment studied the effect of search strategy and task complexity on inspection system performance and the second experiment studied the impact of search strategy, task complexity, and pacing on system performance. Results from this research can be used to better design an inspection system. C 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Finding appropriate interactive exercises to increase students' learning in technical topic courses is always challenging to educators. In this study, several paper plane hands-on simulation exercises were developed, used, and tested in a lean manufacturing course for beginning college students. A pretest and posttest was used to assess the effectiveness of students learning of lean manufacturing concepts by means of participating in the hands-on simulation exercises. Furthermore, the procedures used for an efficient integration of the hands-on simulation exercises into a teaching environment were evaluated. The results showed that students' knowledge of lean manufacturing concepts increased significantly compared with lecture-based learning only.

Workspace design plays an important role in ensuring workers' safety and welfare. The issue is more pressing in the manufacturing industry, where many workers must remain in a standing position, assume awkward postures, and perform repetitive tasks for extended periods of time. In this research, an electromyographic measurement technique was used to measure activity of four back muscles: the trapezius p. descendens, the deltoideus p. scapularis, the infraspinatus, and the latissimus dorsi. The results showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) impact of left versus right side of the body, the degree of rotation to the right side of the body (0, 30, and 60 degrees rotation to the mid-sagittal plane), body mass index level (normal weight [<25 kg/m 2 ] vs. overweight [≥25 kg/m 2 ]), and tasks (high vs. low frequency). In this study, the role that workers and workspace variation play is clearly associated with an increase in the amplitude of electromyography at the targeted back muscles. C 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Customer needs for high-quality goods and the risk of product-liability litigation against businesses have made companies look for a way to sustain quality assurance in their products and services. Lean manufacturing is the latest and most successful system being used by companies to turn their business around. Visual inspection plays an important role to ensure quality product in manufacturing and service industries. Simulation accompanied by training has been proven to be effective in implementing lean concepts in visual inspection systems by enhancing operator accuracy and reducing search time. This article describes the development and application of a training system in a simulated visual inspection environment using a computer-based program to mimic the actual industrial setting. The system is designed and used to simulate and evaluate lean metrics such as time, accuracy, pacing, and data collection needed to train visual inspectors off-line.