Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(8):707-714, agosto 2012 707 RESUMO.-A aversão alimentar condicionada é uma técnica que pode ser utilizada em animais para evitar a ingestão de plantas tóxicas. A técnica foi utilizada em uma fazenda para controlar a intoxicação por Turbina cordata e em outra para controlar a intoxicação por Ipomoea carnea subsp. ϔistulosa. Os caprinos eram presos à noite, e na manhã do dia seguinte lhes era ofertada a planta verde, recém-colhi- Conditioned food aversion is used to train livestock to avoid the ingestion of toxic plants. This technique was used to control Turbina cordata poisoning in goats in one farm, and to control Ipomoea carnea subsp. ϔistulosa poisoning in another farm. The goats were penned at night and the next morning the green plants were offered for 10 minutes. Goats that ingested any amount of the plant were treated through a gastric tube with 175mg of LiCl/kg body weight. In the ϐlock in which the poisoning by T. cordata was occurring, the goats were averted every two months during the period that the plant was found in the pastures. During the experiment, from December 2009 to April 2011, new cases of poisoning were not observed, and there was a progressive decrease in the number of goats that ingested the plant and were averted. In the farm where I. carnea poisoning was occurring, most of the goats were averted in December 2010, 15-20 days before the ϐirst rains. The goats of this ϐlock did not ingest the plant spontaneously in the ϐield until September-October 2011, when, due to the dry season, there was a severe forage shortage, and the goats started to ingest the plant in the ϐield. Later, despite three aversive treatments with 21 days intervals, the goats continued to ingest the plant and some animals became poisoned. In conclusion, conditioned food aversion was effective in to control intoxication by T. cordata. The technique was also effective in conditioning goats to avoid consuming I. carnea during the rainy season, but not during the dry season, with low forage availability in the ϐield. The differences in these results seem to be due to the epidemiology of both poisonings: T. cordata is senescent and unavailable during most of the dry period, and green biomass is typically available either at the very end of the dry season, for a short period of time, and during the rainy season when there is no shortage of forage. In contrast, I. carnea grows in wet areas near water sources, and stays green during the dry period when there is a lack of other forage.

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The objectives of this study were to quantify the apparent digestibility of the diet components and the performance of lambs consuming increasing levels of the balanced (weight) mixture of Opuntia ficus indica bran and Mimosa tenuiflora leaves and fine branches hay substituting 0, 33 and 67% of Pennisetum purpureum hay, in a 60% roughage fodder to 40% concentrate diet formulated to a daily live body weight gain of 150 g/animal. Experiment was carried out at UFCG facilities, in Patos-PB, using 18 non-emasculated lambs with (20.4±1.16) kg (mean weight±SE). Dry matter, OM, CP, EE and total carbohydrates CD were affected by the levels of the mixture (P<0.05) according to a second degree model, with minimum CD values between 34 and 52% of P. purpureum hay replacement. Neutral detergent fiber and ADF CD decreased linearly (P<0.05), and those for CE and NFC were not affected (P>0.05). The inclusion of the mixture affected linear and positively the daily mean body weight gain (120, 149 and 170 g/animal, respectively for 0, 33 and 67% P. purpureum hay replacement levels), and DM, OM, CP, TCH and NFC consumptions. The balanced mixture of Opuntia ficus indica bran and Mimosa tenuiflora hay can replace up to 67% of the roughage fodder fraction (P. purpureum) of Santa Inês lamb diet and improve the daily body weight gain by 50 g/animal.

Megaesophagus is a rare disease in ruminants characterized by regurgitation of rumen contents. In this paper it was described cases of megaesophagus in two sheep

The objective was to conduct a systematic review on vagus indigestion in ruminants. This syndrome, caused by vagus nerve dysfunction and characterized by motility disorders of the pre-stomachs and abomasum, is categorized into four types, based on the location of the functional disorder: type I or failure in eructation, type II or failure in omasal transport, type III or failure in the pyloric flow and type IV or indigestion caused by advanced pregnancy. Due to its clinical and economic importance for cattle breeding, it is essential to approach this disease, aiming to expand knowledge and promote the correct diagnosis by veterinarians working in the field of internal medicine for ruminants.