| Early intervention based on parental activities promotes cognitive, physical, social, and emotional development, which are determinants for the child's health.However, studies about early intervention with parental education are scarce. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of parental intervention in the motor development of infants. This is a case series, longitudinal, and interventional study, with 100 infants at risk, aged 0-18 months. Motor development of infants was assessed by the Alberta Infant Motor Scale, and the parents received information about positioning and exercises depending on the child's motor score. Risk factors were not related to infants' motor development. However, these risk factors were related to gestational age, which was related to motor development. After parental early intervention, the sample frequency increased from 45% to 69% in the group of children with normal motor development. Frequency was reduced from 55% to 31% in the group with delayed development. Prenatal and/or perinatal risk factors can cause prematurity, and consequently, delays in children's motor development. For these infants, early intervention protocols with parental education are effective to stimulate a normal motor development of children at risk in followup in outpatient clinics. 16RESUMEN | Por intermedio de actividades parentales, la intervención precoz en el desarrollo favorece logros cognitivos, físicos, sociales y emocionales a los bebés, factores determinantes para la salud infantil. Pero son pocos los estudios sobre la intervención precoz con actividades parentales. Así en este estudio se propone analizar los resultados de la intervención parental precoz para el desarrollo motor de lactantes en ambulatorio de una maternidad. Estudio de tipo serie de casos, longitudinal e intervencionista, del cual participaron cien lactantes, entre 0 y 18 meses de edad, provenientes del ambulatorio de la maternidad. Se evaluó el desarrollo motor de los lactantes por intermedio de la escala Alberta. Dependiendo del retraso motor observado en los bebés, se hicieron recomendaciones a los padres. No se encontró relaciones entre los factores de riesgo y el desarrollo motor. Sin embargo, estos factores presentaron relación con la edad gestacional, que se relacionó, a su vez, con el desarrollo motor. Tras la intervención precoz parental, la frecuencia del muestreo aumentó del 45% al 69% en el grupo de bebés con desarrollo motor normal. El grupo con retraso en el desarrollo sufrió una disminución en la frecuencia de la muestra del 55% al 31%. Los factores de riesgo prenatal y/o perinatal pueden implicar precocidad y, por consiguiente, retraso en el desarrollo motor infantil. Para lactantes en ambulatorios, estos protocolos de intervención precoz con actividades parentales son eficaces para promocionar su desarrollo motor normal.Palabras clave |
Avaliar o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças de 0 – 18 meses de determinada microárea assistida por uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família (UBASF). Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, observacional e longitudinal com estratégia de análise quantitativa dos resultados em uma UBASF localizada na cidade de Maracanaú/CE. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a ficha de avaliação presente na Caderneta de Saúde da Criança (CSC) agregada a outra ficha elaborada pelos autores onde continham dados sociodemográficos. Participaram do estudo 17 crianças. Foi possível evidenciar que nove (53%) crianças apresentaram todos os marcos esperados para a idade de acordo com a tabela de acompanhamento do desenvolvimento presente na CSC. Das crianças que não apresentaram todos os marcos para a faixa etária, sete (87,5%) estavam entre um a seis meses e um (12,5%) entre 13 a 18 meses. Entretanto, nenhuma criança foi considerada com atraso no desenvolvimento, pois estavam dentro dos períodos específicos para realizar cada marco. Evidenciou-se que nenhuma criança apresentou atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Por fim, ressalta-se a importância da realização da triagem completa durante as consultas de puericultura e da utilização do instrumento já presente na CSC.
Pelvic floor muscles (PFM) function as pelvic organ support, and urinary/anal continence may be affected during pregnancy and after delivery by physiologic processes and anatomical changes in the complex muscular, fascial, and ligamentous structures of the pelvis and pelvic floor. Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse are the most common pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) in reproductiveaged women. 1,2 Among other known factors related to an increased risk of PFD in women, pregnancy is recognized as one of the most important. 3 Additionally, vaginal birth and perineal trauma at birth (episiotomy and severe perineal tears) may also affect pelvic floor integrity and function, although discriminating the role of each of these components in PFD remains a challenge. 4
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