Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the fifth in range of malignancies in Indonesia and has high morbidity and mortality. A survival rate is a statistical index that summarizes the probable frequency of specific outcomes for a group of patients at a particular point in time. The survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is influenced by several factors, such as the patient and tumor. Objective: The objective of this research is to determine survival analysis and factors that influence nasopharyngeal carcinoma which recorded at Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Methods: It is an analytic observational study. Data were analyzed with survival analysis using the Cox Regression test. Result: The subjects were 215 patients who were diagnosed NPC in first time at Hasan Sadikin Hospital from January 2006 until December 2009. There was a significant correlation between age, staging, histopathologic type and therapy with the survival (p 0.0001), (p 0.026), (p 0.0001), (p 0.024), (p 0.003); but no significant correlation between gender with the survival. Based on Cox proportional hazard, the male patients in over fifty years old have a risk of the death 7.724 and 1.113 times. The patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma type I have a risk of the death 2.381 times. The patients with stage IVC have a risk of the death 3183.9 times. The patients who underwent chemoradiation have a risk of the death 2.761 times. Conclusion: The survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is most influenced by prognostic factors such as age and therapy.

Latar belakang: Rinosinusitis kronik (RSK) merupakan inflamasi kronik dengan etiologi multifaktorial.Interleukin-8 (IL-8) adalah sitokin proinflamasi yang dominan pada RSK tanpa polip. Penurunan fungsi penghidumerupakan suatu gejala yang sering dikeluhkan pada RSK. Klaritromisin merupakan antibiotik makrolid yang efektifkarena memiliki efek antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbaikan gejala klinis, fungsipenghidu dan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung, serta mencari korelasi antara IL-8 dengan fungsi penghidu pada RSKtanpa polip. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan randomized clinical trial open labeled pre and posttest design. Datadianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Penelitian berlangsung dipoliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada 26subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberikan klaritromisin dan kelompok kedua diberikanamoksisilin/klavulanat. Diagnosis berdasarkan penilaian skor gejala dengan visual analogue scale (VAS),nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu dengan sniffin sticks test, dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidungdengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil: Didapatkan perbaikan VAS, fungsi penghidu,dan kadar IL-8 yang signifikan (p=0,001) pada kedua kelompok pascaterapi, dan penurunan skor VAS total yangsignifikan pada kelompok klaritromisin (p=0,036). Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara penurunan IL-8 denganpeningkatan fungsi penghidu (p=0,05) dan dengan gejala hidung tersumbat (p=0,022) hanya pada kelompokklaritromisin. Kesimpulan: Pemberian klaritromisin efektif menurunkan gejala klinis terutama hidung tersumbat,menurunkan kadar IL-8 sekret hidung, dan meningkatkan fungsi penghidu pada RSK tanpa polip.Kata kunci: Interleukin-8, klaritromisin, rinosinusitis kronik tanpa polip, sniffin sticks test.ABSTRACTBackground: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology.Interleukin-8 (IL-8) plays an important role as a major proinflammatory cytokine in CRS without nasal polyp.The common symptom is of olfactory function impairment. Claritrhomycin as macrolide antibiotic is effective forCRS because of their antibacterial and antiinflamatory activity. Purpose: To observe improvement of clinicalsymptoms, olfactory function, IL-8 level of nasal secretion and correlation between IL-8 with olfactory functionin CRS without nasal polyp. Method: This was a randomized controlled trial open labeled pre and posttestdesign. Data was analysed using Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, and Rank Spearman correlation test. This study wasconducted in Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department Dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital. There were26 subjects divided in two groups, the first group was given clarithromycin and the second group was givenamoxicillin/clavulanate. The two groups underwent visual analogue scale (VAS), nasoendoscopy, sniffin stickstest and nasal secretion of IL-8 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: The two groups had asignificant improvement VAS score after therapy (p=0.001) and clarithromycin group showed statisticallysignificant (p=0.036) on decreasing total VAS score than amoxcicillin/clavulanate group. There was significantcorrelations between reduction of IL-8, improvement of olfactory function (p=0.05) and nasal obstructionsymptom in VAS (p=0.022) only in clarithromycin group.Conclussion: Clarithromycin was effective in clinicalsymptoms reduction especially in nasal obstruction, IL-8 reduction in nasal secretion, and improvement ofolfactory function in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp.Keywords: Clarithromycin, interleukin-8, chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp, sniffin sticks test.

Rinosinusitis kronik (RSK) merupakan inflamasi kronik dengan etiologi multifaktorial. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) adalah sitokin proinflamasi yang dominan pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi. Penurunan fungsi penghidu merupakan suatu gejala yang sering dikeluhkan. Klaritromisin merupakan antibiotik makrolid yang efektif karena memiliki efek antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbaikan gejala klinis, fungsi penghidu dan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung, serta mencari korelasi IL-8 dengan fungsi penghidu pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi. Penelitian ini merupakan randomized clinical trial open labeled pre and posttest design. Data dianalisis memakai Uji Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Penelitian berlangsung di poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada 26 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberikan klaritromisin dan kelompok kedua diberikan amoksisilin-klavulanat. Diagnosis berdasarkan penilaian skor gejala dengan visual analogue scale (VAS), nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu dengan sniffin sticks test, dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung dengan metode enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Didapatkan perbaikan VAS, nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu, dan kadar IL-8 yang signifikan (p=0,001) pada kedua kelompok pascaterapi, dan penurunan skor VAS total yang signifikan pada kelompok klaritromisin (p=0,036). Terdapat korelasi signifikan penurunan kadar IL-8 dengan peningkatan fungsi penghidu (p=0,05) dan dengan gejala hidung tersumbat (p=0,022) hanya pada kelompok klaritromisin. Simpulan, pemberian klaritromisin efektif menurunkan gejala klinis terutama hidung tersumbat, meningkatkan fungsi penghidu, dan menurunkan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung pada RSK tanpa polip nonalergi. [MKB. 2014;46(1):6-14] Kata kunci: Interleukin-8, klaritromisin, rinosinusitis kronik tanpa polip nonalergi, sniffin sticks test

Head and neck squamous papilloma usually occur in the skin, oral mucosa and upper part of aerodigestive tract. Auricle giant papilloma is uncommon cases worldwide. We report a thirty-two years old Indonesian male seen with auricle giant black mass at our hospital, in Bogor. In this case, mass excision surgery was performed, and the skin defect is closed using a Postauricular Helix-based Adipodermal-pedicle Turnover (PHAT) Flap. Diagnosis was mainly through histopathology examination and in this case, follow up revealed no recurrence.

Patients with enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) that cause paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) or hoarseness usually have associated with thyroid malignancy. Malignancy can be directly or indirectly related to RLN. Cases of vocal cord paralysis associated with benign thyroid disease or goitre are rare. As an objective, we present a case of a woman with hoarseness who is known to have left vocal cord paralysis which is suspected to be closely related to her thyroid disease (adenomatous goiter). As a method, this patient underwent a thyroid procedure (left isthmolobectomy) to see if her hoarse voice could decrease or disappear. As a result, after the thyroid procedure, there was improvement or disappearance of the hoarse voice. It is strongly suspected that the thyroid lesion suppressed the RLN resulting in impaired vocal cord movement or paralysis and causing hoarseness. In conclusion, thyroid procedure can be recommended to treat hoarse voice which is influenced by disturbance of vocal cord movement due to compression of thyroid lesion to RLN.