INTRODUCTION: Despite discussion on the merit of various cephalometric superimposition methods, there remains a need to assess which one can be used in daily practice with reasonably accuracy and less working time. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate four methods of cephalometric superimposition by means of assessing the longitudinal changes in craniofacial morphology caused by growth and response of adolescents with Class I malocclusion to orthodontic treatment involving first premolar extraction. METHODS: Pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs of 31 adolescents (20 females and 11 males), with Angle Class I malocclusion and indication of premolar extraction, participated in this study. Radiographs were digitized, traced and had structures identified by means of a cephalometric software. Four superimposition methods were used: Björk structural method, Steiner/Tweed SN line, Ricketts N-Ba line at N-point and Ricketts N-Ba line at CC-point. Positional changes were quantified by horizontal and vertical linear changes in the following cephalometric landmarks: anterior/posterior nasal spine (ANS and PNS), gnathion (Gn), Gonion (Go), Pogonion (Pog), A-point and B-point. Differences between T1 and T2 in horizontal and vertical positional changes for all superimposition methods were assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among the cephalometric superimposition methods or when patients' sex was considered. CONCLUSION: Björk structural method, Steiner/Tweed SN line, Ricketts N-Ba line at N-point and Ricketts N-Ba line at CC-point methods were reliable and presented similar precision when the overall facial changes due to active growth and/or orthodontic treatment were examined.
BackgroundThis study cephalometrically compared the dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes consequent to one and three-premolar extraction protocols of class II subdivision malocclusion treatment.MethodsA sample of 126 lateral cephalometric radiographs from 63 patients was selected and divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 31 type 1 class II subdivision malocclusion patients treated with asymmetric extractions of two maxillary premolars and one mandibular premolar on the class I side, with an initial mean age of 13.58 years. Group 2 consisted of 32 type 2 class II subdivision malocclusion patients treated with asymmetric extraction of one maxillary first premolar on the class II side, with an initial mean age of 13.98 years. t test was used for intergroup comparison at the pre- and posttreatment stages and to compare the treatment changes.ResultsGroup 1 had greater maxillomandibular sagittal discrepancy reduction and greater maxillary first molar extrusion. Group 2 had mandibular incisor labial inclination and protrusion, and group 1 had mandibular incisor lingual inclination and retraction. Maxillary molar asymmetry increased in group 2, while mandibular molar asymmetry increased in group 1.ConclusionsThe treatment changes produced by these two class II subdivision protocols are different to adequately satisfy the different needs for types 1 and 2 class II subdivision malocclusions.
Objetivo: este relato de caso tem o objetivo de descrever o tratamento de um incisivo central superior impactado e com dilaceração radicular severa. Relato de caso: um paciente de 10 anos de idade procurou tratamento ortodôntico apresentando atraso na erupção do incisivo central superior esquerdo e histórico de traumatismo dentário na fase da dentição decídua. O diagnóstico foi feito por meio da avaliação clínica, radiografias e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. O tratamento escolhido envolveu a exposição cirúrgica seguida de tracionamento do dente impactado com auxílio de aparelhos ortodônticos fixos. O tratamento ortodôntico foi concluído após 12 meses, resultando em um posicionamento adequado do incisivo central esquerdo no arco. Através de uma abordagem multidisciplinar foi possível posicionar o incisivo impactado no plano oclusal, preservando os tecidos periodontais e a vitalidade do dente. Conclusão: para os casos de dentes impactados, a abordagem multidisciplinar que envolve o tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico é a melhor opção para se obter um resultado satisfatório em termos de contorno gengival, plano oclusal e estética quando comparada com outras formas de tratamento.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os resultados das alterações cefalométricas dentárias, esqueléticas e tegumentares, de casos com má oclusão de Classe II, subdivisão, tratados sob dois protocolos distintos de extrações assimétricas. A amostra foi constituída por 126 teleradiografias em norma lateral de 63 pacientes, os quais foram divididos em dois grupos. O Grupo 1 foi formado por 32 pacientes com má oclusão de Classe II, subdivisão, com idade média inicial de 13,98 e final de 16,90, tratados com extração assimétrica de um pré-molar superior do lado da relação de Classe II.O Grupo 2foi composto por 31 pacientes com má oclusão de Classe II, subdivisão, com idade média inicial de 13,58 e final de 16,83, tratados com extrações assimétricas de três pré-molares, sendo dois superiores e um inferior do lado da relação de Classe I.A comparação intergrupos das alterações do tratamento foi realizada através do teste t. Os resultados demonstraram a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as alterações proporcionadas pelos dois tratamentos em relação: ao componente dentoalveolar inferior, onde a terapêutica realizada com uma extração propiciou a vestibularização e protrusão dos incisivos inferiores, ao contrário da terapêutica com três extrações que propiciou uma lingualização e retrusão dos mesmos.Os dois grupos apresentaram uma melhora na relação maxilomandibular. O índice de assimetria dos molares superiores aumentou no grupo com uma extração, enquanto que o grupo com três extrações apresentou um aumento no índice de assimetria dos molares inferiores. Os dois grupos apresentaram semelhanças quanto às alterações do perfil tegumentar. Palavras-chave: Má Oclusão. Classe II, subdivisão. Extração assimétrica. ABSTRACT "Cephalometric evaluation of dentoskeletal and tegumental changes of Class II, subdivision treatment with asymmetric extraction protocols" The purpose of this study was to cephalometrically compare the dentoskeletal and soft-tissue changes consequent to orthodontic treatment in patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion treated with asymmetric extraction protocols. The sample consisted of 126 lateral cephalograms of 63 patients, divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 32 patients with Class II, subdivision malocclusion, and had initial and final mean ages of 13.98 and 16.90, treated with asymmetric extraction of one maxillary premolar on the Class II side. Group 2 consisted of 31 patients with Class II, subdivision malocclusion, and had initial and final mean ages of 13.58 and 16.83, treated with asymmetric extractions of two maxillary premolars and one mandibular premolar on the Class I side. T tests were used to compare the groups at pretreatment and the treatment changes between groups. The results demonstrated that group 1 had mandibular incisor protrusion, while group 2 had lower incisor retraction. The maxillary molar asymmetry index increased in group 1, on the contrary of group 2 that had mandibular molar asymmetry index increase. Both groups had similar soft-tissue...
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