The study of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) addresses variables related to three core symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, it has been suggested that in recent years emotional difficulties and subsequent social challenges have not received sufficient attention. This study had two objectives: (1) to compare the performance of participants (age range: 8–14 years) on facial emotion recognition tasks using the Affect Recognition subtest of the Children Neuropsychological Battery II; and (2) to assess the perceptions of family members in relation to variables associated with emotional problems, difficulty in regulating emotions, and anger management using the Spanish Assessment System for Children and Adolescents. Assessments were conducted before and after applying an emotion regulation intervention designed for this study. Following the intervention, there was a significant decrease in scores associated with emotional regulation, and an improvement in the identification of affect on facial recognition tasks. The results suggest that despite ADHD children and adolescents having social and emotional deficits secondary to the core symptom triad, emotional regulation in this group can be improved by the application of socio-emotional intervention programs.

The objective of this research was to ascertain if there are different temporal patterns of smoking. The method of data collection was to use voluntary subject smokers who recorded their daily cigarette consumption for 84 days. Subjects had smoked more than 5 cigarettes per day throughout the previous year; 29 subjects kept accurate autorecords. The daily smoking data of each subject were analyzed via the time-series procedure ARIMA(p,d,q)(P,D,Q)s of Box and Jenkins. 15 subjects (52%) showed simple autoregressive smoking models for which smoking on any given day was a function of the number of cigarettes smoked on the previous day or days, but 13 subjects (45%) showed autoregressive models of weekly seasonality, i.e., the number of cigarettes smoked on any given day is a function of the number smoked on the same day of the previous week, and only 1 subject's data (3%) had unpredictable smoking patterns.

En los niños y niñas con Capacidad Intelectual Límite (CIL), el análisis de sus funciones cognitivas a través de escalas de inteligencia es siempre complejo, más aún cuando pueden aportar aspectos explicativos de sus dificultades de aprendizaje. La Escala de Wechsler, a través de las funciones y pruebas que se agrupan en la Memoria de Trabajo (MT) y en la Velocidad de Procesamiento (VP), proporciona información relevante sobre la estructura y funcionamiento cognitivo, con respecto a una posible disfunción psiconeurológica, en la base explicativa de las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje. En este trabajo se estudia el perfil del WISC-IV de 39 alumnos y alumnas con CIL, en particular, los índices de MT y de VP, en su asociación con las dificultades de aprendizaje que presentan. Se concluye que esos índices son una importante base explicativa de sus dificultades, a la vez que una referencia para los aspectos relacionados con su intervención psicopedagógica.

Smoking is a habit that is hard to break because nicotine is highly addictive and smoking behavior is strongly linked to multiple daily activities and routines. Here, we explored the effect of gender, age, day of the week, and previous smoking on the number of cigarettes smoked on any given day. Data consisted of daily records of the number of cigarettes participants smoked over an average period of 84 days. The sample included smokers (36 men and 26 women), aged between 18 and 26 years, who smoked at least five cigarettes a day and had smoked for at least 2 years. A panel data analysis was performed by way of multilevel pooled time series modeling. Smoking on any given day was a function of the number of cigarettes smoked on the previous day, and 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days previously, and the day of the week. Neither gender nor age influenced this pattern, with no multilevel effects being detected, thus the behavior of all participants fitted the same smoking model. These novel findings show empirically that smoking behavior is governed by firmly established temporal dependence patterns and inform temporal parameters for the rational design of smoking cessation programs.

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