Abstract:This research aims to arrange the correct and operational strategies for developing small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

This research aims to identify and to analyze the influence of the main factors forming the Human Development Index (HDI) toward the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI). This research was conducted for the ten ASEAN countries. The analytical method used is the granger causality panel and panel data regression. Analysis of the non-hierarchical clustering panel is also used to divide the country into two clusters. The dependent variable used in this research is the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI). Independent variables used in the research are the Life Expectancy at Birth, Expected Years of Schooling, Mean Years of Schooling, and Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.Data is obtained from UNDP, UNESCO, and the World Bank from 2010-2015. This research found that HDI and its forming factors affect the level of global competitiveness. The analysis concludes that: (1) High Cluster; Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and the rest are in the middle-low Cluster. (2) All of the independent variables affect the dependent variable partially.

In the last two years, the world economy witnesses three type of crises emerging, namely fuel, food, and financial crises. Facing this crisis, Indonesian economy should indeed be ready for any short-term and long-term shocks to maintain sustainability of its performance. Based on these situations, this paper is aimed to oversee the nature of financial crisis and its effect on Indonesian economy. The study in this paper indicates that current financial crisis is an undeniable evidence of capitalism failure mainly caused by its paradigm and basic ideas which neglect the humanity. For this reason, turning economics back to meet the human needs and its philosophy is urgently required. Indonesia is still affected by current financial crisis and it is an important moment to evaluate capitalism-oriented economic policies as well as to oversee its suitable nature economic system which is relevant to the way of its people life.

<p><em>This research aims to understand the relationship between socioeconomic factors, production, transparency with religiosity. The effects of socio-economic factors, production, transparency, and religiosity on the sharecropping contract system. Design/methodology/approach: The author has administered a survey to 800 respondents. The respondents were asked to give their responses based on a five-point Likert scale. The data has been tested with SEM to show the relationship between the various factors. Finding: SEM results show that H₁ is not supported while H₂, H₃, H₄, H₅, H₆, and H₇ are supported. Findings show that religiosity impacts the sharecropping system while the interaction between religiosity and transparency on the sharecropping system is significantly negative. Therefore, the current sharecropping contract system in East Java does not operate following Islamic values. </em></p>

Edy Suandi Hamld, adalah dosen negeri yang dipekerjakan pada FE Ull lulus dari FE UGM (1983) dan Faculty of Economics Thammasat University (1990). Saat ini, disamping menjabat Sekretaris Umum Ikatan Sarfana EkonomiIndonesia DIY, jugasebagai Sekretaris Eksekutif pada institute for Development Economic . Analysis (IDEA). Disampingpernah. /nenjabatsebagai jii PD i dan Dekan FE Ull, juga pernah bekerja pada