<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Background: Severe malnutrition is a state of severe malnourished condition caused by low consumption of energy and protein in a long time. Severe malnutrition interferes the children growth and development, moreover malnourished children are vulnerable to get infectious diseases, even the death.</p><p>Objectives: To analyze the risk factors of severe malnutrition among children under five in Donggala, Central of Sulawesi Province.</p><p>Methods: This study used case-control (observational study). The study was conducted in District Dampelas Donggala on July to September 2014. The population was all children underfive selected by total sampling method. The samples were 64 children aged 0-59 months which separated into 2 groups,<br />case and control group.The independent variables were the level of energy intake of protein, parenting, and infectious diseases, while the dependent variable was the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five. Data were obtained by direct interview using questionnaire and recall 24 hours to determine the level of energy and protein intake. The data collected were analyzed using univariate analysis (descriptive), bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression).</p><p>Results: The result of this study based on the bivariate analysis presented that the level of energy intake (OR=9.86, 95% CI:3.49-27.89), infectious disease (OR=2.83, 95% CI:1.10-7.31), and as low birth weight external variables (OR=5.76, 95% CI:1.43-23.20) signifi cantly associated with the incidence of severe malnutrition. There were no significant association between the level of protein intake (OR=1.18, 95% CI:0.47-2.92) and parenting (OR=1.21, 95% CI:0.50-2.92) with the incidence of severe malnutrition. In the other hand, based on multivariate analysis by controlling the variable of low birth weight history, this study’s result presented that the level of energy intake had the strongest association with the risk of incidence of severe malnutrition compared to the other variables.</p><p>Conclusions: The level of energy intake and infectious disease were the risk factors for the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five, while the level of protein intake and parenting were not.</p><p>KEYWORDS: children underfive, energy, infectious disease, parenting, protein, severe malnutrition</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Gizi buruk adalah keadaan kurang gizi tingkat berat yang disebabkan oleh rendahnya konsumsi energi dan protein dalam waktu cukup lama. Kekurangan gizi selain mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, dapat pula mengakibatkan balita rentan terhadap penyakit infeksi bahkan dapat<br />menyebabkan kematian.</p><p>Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada balita di Kabupaten Donggala, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.</p><p>Metode: Jenis penelitian ini observasional dengan rancangan case-control. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Dampelas, Kabupaten Donggala pada bulan Juli sampai September 2014. Populasi adalah semua balita dan sampel ditentukan dengan metode total sampling. Balita usia 0–59 bulan yang berjumlah 64 dimasukkan pada masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Variabel bebas yaitu tingkat asupan energi protein, pola asuh, dan penyakit infeksi sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kejadian gizi buruk pada balita. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dan recall 24 jam untuk mengetahui tingkat asupan energi dan protein. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat (deskriptif), bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik berganda).</p><p>Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi (OR=9,86, 95% CI:3,49-27,89), penyakit infeksi (OR=2,83, 95% CI:1,10-7,31), dan variabel luar BBLR (OR=5,76, 95% CI:1,43-23,20) berhubungan signifikan dengan gizi buruk. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat asupan protein (OR=1,18, 95%CI:0,47-2,92) dan pola asuh (OR=1,21, 95%CI:0,50-2,92) dengan gizi buruk. Hasil analisis multivariat dengan mengendalikan riwayat BBLR menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi memiliki hubungan kuat dengan risiko kejadian gizi buruk dibandingkan variabel lainnya.</p><p>Kesimpulan: Tingkat asupan energi dan penyakit infeksi merupakan faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada<br />balita, sedangkan tingkat asupan protein dan pola asuh bukan merupakan faktor risiko.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: balita, energi, penyakit infeksi, pola asuh, protein, gizi buruk, gizi</p>

ABSTRAKGizi buruk atau malnutrisi akut adalah suatu bentuk terparah akibat kurang gizi menahun, ada atau tidaknya oedeme atau berat badan per umur < -3 SD sesuai dengan standar pertumbuhan WHO. Malnutrisi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan fisik, morbiditas, mortalitas, perkembangan kognitif, reproduksi, dan kapasitas kerja fisik dan akibatnya berdampak pada kinerja manusia, dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko gizi buruk pada balita. Jenis penelitian case control study. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini balita status gizi baik dan buruk yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malei Kecamatan Balaesang Tanjung. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Januari 2017.Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan total sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 56 sampel yang terdiri atas kasus dan control. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan tingkat asupan energi (OR=3,84;95%CI 0,68-21,51), tingkat asupan protein (OR=4,94;95%CI 0,50-48,29) dan riwayat penyakit infeksi (OR=2,13;95%CI 0,61-7,32) berhubungan signifikan dengan gizi buruk. Disisi lain berdasarkan analisis multivariabel dengan mengendalikan riwayat BBLR menunjukkan tingkat asupan protein memiliki hubungan kuat dengan risiko gizi buruk dibandingkan variabel lainnya. Kesimpulan: tingkat asupan energi, tingkat asupan protein dan penyakit infeksi merupakan faktor risiko gizi buruk pada balita. Saran: Disarankan kepada orang tua utamanya ibu untuk lebih memperhatikan asupan makan serta PHBS anak balitanya sehingga dapat mengurangi timbulnya penyakit infeksi yang merupakan faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk (OR = 3,84, 95% CI 0,51), protein intake level (OR = 4,94; 95% CI 0,29) and history of disease infection (OR = 2.13;

Anemia in pregnancy can have an adverse impact on the mother, even during pregnancy, childbirth, as well as during the puerperium and beyond. One of the government programs to overcome anemia in pregnancy in Indonesia is by providing iron tablets (Fe) which are distributed through health centers and posyandu. The effectiveness of this program is difficult to achieve because it is influenced by the low knowledge of pregnant women about the benefits of consuming iron (Fe) tablets. Good knowledge will lead to a positive attitude in consuming iron (Fe) tablets. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and adherence to consuming iron (Fe) tablets with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the first trimester at Bulili Public Health Center. The design of this research is analytical research. The research approach used is the Cross Sectional Study approach. This study used the Lemeshow proportion estimation technique with a total sample of 96 respondents. The test used in this study is to use the Chi - Square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in trimester I with p value = 0.000 (p <0.05) and there was no significant relationship between adherence to taking iron tablets (Fe) and the incidence of anemia in trimester pregnant women. I at Puskesmas Bulili with p value = 0.826 (p≥0.05). This study suggests that the midwives at the health center are expected to provide information or health counseling that is more directed at preventing anemia during pregnancy to pregnant women regarding the procedure for consuming iron (Fe) tablets to visitors to the Bulili Health Center, especially KIA (Maternal and Child Health).