Fluorophore (FD) labeling is widely used for detection and quantification of various compounds bound to nanocarriers. The systems, composed of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and oligonucleotides (ONs) labeled with FDs, have wide applications. Our work was aimed at a systemic study of how FD structure (in composition of ON-FDs) influenced the efficiency of their non-covalent associates’ formation with GNPs (ON-FD/GNPs). We examined ONs of different length and nucleotide composition, and corresponding ON-FDs (FDs from a series of xanthene, polymethine dyes; dyes based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Methods: fluorometry, dynamic light scattering, high performance liquid chromatography, gel electrophoresis, molecular modeling and methods of thermodynamic and statistical analysis. We observed significant, differing several times, changes in surface density and Langmuir constant values of ON-FDs vs. ONs, evidence for the critical significance of FD nature for binding of ON-FDs with GNPs. Surface density of ON-FD/GNPs; hydrophobicity and total charge of ON or ON-FD; and charge and surface area of FDs were revealed as key factors determining affinity (Langmuir constant) of ON or ON-FDs for GNPs. These factors compose a specific set, which makes possible the highly reliable prediction of efficiency of ONs and ON-FDs binding with GNPs. The principal possibility of creating an algorithm for predictive calculation of efficiency of ONs and GNPs interaction was demonstrated. We proposed a hypothetical model that described the mechanism of contact interaction between negatively charged nano-objects, such as citrate-stabilized GNPs, and ONs or ON-FDs.

Understanding the patterns of noncovalent adsorption of double-stranded nucleic acids (dsDNA) on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was the aim of this study. It was found that the high-affinity motifs in DNA can and do act as an “anchor” for the fixation of the whole molecule on the GNP (up to 98 ± 2 single-stranded (ss)DNA molecules per particle with diameter of 13 ± 2 nm). At the same time, the involvement of an “anchor” in the intramolecular DNA interaction can negatively affect the efficiency of the formation of ss(ds)DNA–GNP structures. It has been shown that the interaction of GNP with DNA duplexes is accompanied by their dissociation and competitive adsorption of ssDNAs on GNP, wherein the crucial factor of DNA adsorption efficiency is the intrinsic affinity of ssDNA to GNP. We propose a detailed scheme for the interaction of dsDNA with GNPs, which should be taken into account in studies of this type. Researchers focused on this field should accept the complicated nature of such objects and take into account the many competing processes, including the processes of adsorption and desorption of DNA on gold as well as the formation of secondary structures by individual DNA strands.

аспирант кафедры теории и практики перевода Тольяттинский государственный университет 445667, г. Тольятти, ул. Белорусская, 14. Ekaterinagorbunova90@gmail.com Статья посвящена трансформации библейского жанра псалом в немецкоязычной поэзии на примере творчества немецкого поэта Петера Хухеля. Анализируются три стихотворения под назва-нием «Псалом». Особый интерес представляет взаимосвязь содержания библейского жанра с его формой. П. Хухель трансформирует традиционное понимание жанра псалма, его форму, а также мно-гие аспекты его содержания. Тематика первого псалма наполнена женскими образами, в нем пере-плетаются библейские и языческие мотивы. Второй псалом носит политический характер и отражает реакцию поэта на события того времени. Примечательно, что изначально данный псалом носил дру-гое название -«Bombe gegen Bombe», затем поэт переименовывает его, проводя тем самым парал-лель между содержанием стихотворения и религиозными мотивами в нём. Для третьего произведения -«Winterpsalm» -характерны пейзажные мотивы и персонификация природы, передающая внутрен-нее состояние лирического героя, находящегося в изоляции.Ключевые слова: пейзажная лирика; женские образы; изоляция; политические мотивы; ме-тафора «холода»; parallelismus membrorum; псалом.