There is a growing need for evaluation tools allowing the quantification of the outcome after voice surgeries. Since the end of the 1990s, multiple unfruitful attempts have been made to reach a consensus, including the Dejonckere protocol for the European Laryngological Society in 2001. This suggested to perform objective and quantifiable measures in the following domains: perception, acoustic, aerodynamic, self-evaluation by the patient and videolaryngostroboscopy. But in a PubMed search with the keywords "Voice Assessment" and "Voice Outcome" since 2001 retrieving 452 articles, only 33 of them were using methods taking into account the first four dimensions proposed by Dejonckere. To elaborate a new and simpler protocol, we chose to focus on unilateral vocal fold paralyses (UVFP), which represents a homogeneous disease in terms of physiology. This protocol was elaborated on the basis of a review of the literature and of the database and experience of the IFOS panel members. In summary, our group recommends the use and implementation of the ELS "basic protocol" with some minor modifications. Voice audio recordings are an indispensable prerequisite, and may even have medico-legal implications. We recommend the systematic use of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Perceptual analysis must be performed by using Hirano's GRB scale and voice breathiness has to be prioritized. Currently, acoustic analysis remains optional given the lack of data to support clinical usefulness. Aerodynamic studies should include at a minimum an evaluation of the Maximum Phonation Time, calculated in seconds following multiple trials in order to obtain a recording representing the patient's best possible glottis closure.

Vocal disorders make up one of the autoimmune pathological conditions characterized by multiple organ system dysfunction. Laryngeal pathology in this condition has an autoimmune nature; it is highly diverse and poorly explored. The objective of the present work based on the analysis of the relevant literature publications was to study clinical manifestations of the autoimmune rheumatic disease affecting the larynx. 'Bamboo nodes' on the vocal folds is a rare manifestation of laryngeal autoimmune diseases. We found out references to 49 cases of this condition in the available literature. All the patients were women presenting with autoimmune diseases. The present review highlights the problems pertaining to etiology of 'bamboo nodes' on the vocal folds and the method for the treatment of this condition.

The article provides information about significance and efficacy of NBI-endoscopy in early differential diagnostics of various larynx tumors which makes it possible to detect pathologically changed areas of mucosa and identify a specific vascular pattern characteristic of neoplasms. Based on the study conducted in the Phoniatrics Department of Clinical Research Centre of Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of the Russian Federation and the analysis of literature, the authors describe advisability and prospects of NBI-endoscopy implementation in the practice of otorhinolaryngologists.

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Среди злокачественных новообразований лор-органов рак гортани занимает первое место. Несмотря на то что гортань доступна для осмотра, 65-70% случаев заболевания выявляются на III-IV стадиях. Лечение данной категории пациентов носит комбинированный, или комплексный, характер, одним из этапов которого является ларингэктомия. Ларингэктомия приводит к инвалидизации пациента, потере голосовой функции. Часть пациентов отказывается от хирургического вмешательства именно по причине перспективы утраты голосовой функции. Поэтому в социальной реабилитации пациентов с раком гортани важное место занимает восстановление устной речи. Без реабилитационных мероприятий ларингэктомированные пациенты лишаются возможности не только трудиться, но и вообще находиться в обществе. Встатье приведен обзор научной литературы, посвященной проблеме восстановления устной речи у пациентов, перенесших ларингэктомию. В исторической ретроспективе показано развитие трех наиболее распространенных и активно применяемых на практике способов голосоречевой реабилитации ларингэктомированных пациентов. В работах отечественных и зарубежных исследователей изучены подходы и различные методики при послеоперационной реабилитации звучной речи как одного из факторов восстановления идентичности личности человека и его положения в обществе. Laryngeal cancer ranks first among the malignant neoplasms of the ENT organs. Despite the fact that the larynx is accessible for examination, the disease is detected at the stages III-IV in 65-70% of cases. Treatment of this category of patients is combined or complex, and one of the stages is laryngectomy. Laryngectomy leads to disability of the patient, loss of voice function. Some patients refuse surgery due to the possibility of voice loss. Therefore, the restoration of oral speech plays an important role in rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cancer. Laryngectomized patients can not only work, but generally socialize without rehabilitation measures. The article provides the review of scientific literature on the problems of oral speech restoration in patients that underwent laryngectomy. Historical overview shows the development of the three most common and actively used in practice methods of voice-speech rehabilitation of laryngectomized patients. The works of local and foreign researchers show approaches and various methods of postoperative rehabilitation of sonorous speech as one of the factors in restoring the person’s identity and their position in society.