Enhanced expression and activity of chitotriosidase in humans is regarded as a marker of atherosclerosis. However, it remains unclear, whether this increase is related to lipemia or enhanced secretion of the enzyme by activated macrophages in the atherosclerotic plaques. It was shown that acute lipemia in mice caused by single administration of poloxamer 407 (P-407) in a dose of 300 mg/kg is accompanied by an increase in serum chitotriosidase activity (24 h) that correlated with elevated content of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Preliminary administration of (1-3)-β-D-glycan prevented the P-407-induced increase in chitotriosidase activity, probably due to the hypolipidemic action of (1-3)-β-D-glycan. The relationship between changes in chitotriosidase activity with atherogenic fractions and subfractions of serum lipoproteins during lipemia is discussed.

To assess the effect of three months of fitness classes on platelet activity in men. The observation group was 25 clinically healthy men of the first mature age who were engaged in fitness for three months. The control group included 26 men of the first mature age who avoided physical culture and sports during their life. The physical condition was assessed using functional tests and platelet activity was determined by traditional methods. The results were processed by the methods of variation statistics. Regular physical activity in the course of fitness activities increased general physical capabilities in men of the first mature age and increased the accuracy of the movements. This was accompanied by a weakening of platelet aggregation activity, recorded in vivo and in vitro. The onset of physiologically beneficial changes in platelet function is associated with a decrease in the density of receptors on platelets in training men and an increase in the activity of the antioxidant system of platelets. In the control group, the level of physical fitness was significantly lower, and the functional capabilities of platelets were higher. Fitness classes in the first adulthood can optimize the level of platelet activity, transferring it to a more functionally beneficial level for the body. Three-month fitness classes increase the level of physical fitness in men of the first mature age and contribute to a decrease in platelet activity.