Measles is an eruptive and febrile disease that affects unvaccinated or under-vaccinated children, thus undermining the whowanted goal of elimination. Its diagnosis is most often clinical and facilitated by the appearance of a maculopapulus rash associated with at least one element of the naso-oculo-respiratory catarrh in a context of no vaccination. Favourable in the absence of complications, the disease is formidable in its malignant form especially when it occurs in an immune-depressed field especially by HIV. The only cost-effective measure to prevent this disease, in the absence of a contraindication, remains vaccination.

Background: The place of blood glucose abnormalities in severe malaria is poorly defined. The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of glycemic abnormalities and to identify the factors associated with their occurrence and death. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January to October 2016 at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville. The blood glucose levels of all children hospitalized for severe malaria were measured for 3 days. The variables were compared in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 158 children with an average age of 69.6 months ± 43.2 (ranges: 5 months and 15 years) were hospitalized for severe malaria. Moderate hyperglycemia was observed in 52.53% of children, severe hyperglycemia: 17.72%, moderate hypoglycemia: 15.19% and severe hypoglycemia: 2.53%. Children aged < 5 years (p = 0.03), females (p = 0.03), with disease duration before admission ≥ 7 days (p = 0.03) and referred from private hospitals (p = 0.04) had an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Age > 5 years was associated with hyperglycemia (p = 0.0006). The presence of hypoglycemia (blood glucose ≤ 3.3 mmol/L) on admission was associated with the risk of death (OR = 9.59, p = 0.02), no death occurred in children with hyperglycemia (p = 0.4) on admission. Conclusion: The incidence of blood glucose abnormalities is high in severe malaria. Hyperglycemia is more common than hypoglycemia, but only hypoglycemia is associated with an increased risk of death.