Otomycosis is a fungal infection mainly affecting the outer ear, but can spread to the in nerear and become severe. The disease can cause a serious damage for its recurrence and resistance to treatment. The purpose of this work is to determine the prevalence of otomycosis in first place, then in second place to specify the contributing factors and to describe the spectrum of fungi involved. We conducted a prospective study over a period of 6 months between March 2018 and August 2018 in laboratory of parasitology and mycology at the Military Hospital Avicenna of Marrakech. Fore ach patient we performed an atrial sampling with sterile swabs. A direct examination and culture on Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol media with and without cycloheximide were carried out. The identification of fungi was based on the macroscopic, microscopic and phenotypic characteristics of colonies. Our study included 67 patients, of which 28 were positive, giving an overall prevalence of 41% with female predominance. The average age of our patients was 40 years old. Many factors enhanced the otomycosis, the daily cleaning of the external ear canal was the most recurrent factor (46%), followed by frequent bathing (35%). The most common species were Aspergillus niger (46%), Aspergillus flavus (35%), and Candida albicans (17%). This study demonstrates the importance of otomycosis in the etiologies of otitis in our population. The management of these infections must include a mycological study in order to establish an antifungal therapy adapted to the pathogen.

Le paludisme d’importation est une affection de plus en plus fréquente en zone non endémique. Les formes graves représentent 10 % des cas de paludisme à Plasmodium falciparum. Au Maroc, plus de 50 cas de paludisme sont enregistrés chaque année dont 83 % à P. falciparum. Ont été inclus dans l’étude tous les patients ayant développé un paludisme grave, admis au service de réanimation durant la période comprise entre le 1er Novembre 2009 et le 31 décembre 2015. Les principales données épidémiologiques, les motifs d’admission, la prise en charge et l’évolution ont été étudiés. Treize patients sont retenus. L’âge moyen est de 31 ans. Tous les patients ont séjourné en afrique subsaharienne et étaient non-immuns. La chimioprophylaxie était adéquate dans 33% des cas. Le délai moyen entre le début des symptômes et l’instauration du traitement était de six jours. La parasitémie moyenne initiale était de 12 %. Les motifs d’admission en réanimation étaient un coma (15%), une convulsion (07%), une détresse respiratoire (07%), une prostration (07%), une insuffisance rénale (07%), un choc associé à un ictère et une acidose (07%) et enfin une insuffisance rénale conjuguée à un coma (07%). Tous les patients ont reçu un traitement par la quinine intraveineuse avec une dose de charge dans 100 % des cas. Le taux de mortalité était de 23 %. Les causes du décès étaient dues à la défaillance multi viscérale et au syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu. La mortalité des formes graves du paludisme reste élevée. L’adéquation de la chimioprophylaxie associée à la précocité du diagnostic et du traitement permettrait d’améliorer significativement le pronostic de cette parasitose.

The objectives of our study are to trace the epidemiological profile of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in the province of al Haouz and to study the effectiveness of the national control program against leishmaniasis in this endemic area. It is a descriptive epidemiological study of cases recorded in public health facilities (health centers) and in the service of infrastructure and provincial ambulatory activities (SIAAP) of the province al Haouz between 2015 and 2019. Also it is an evaluative study of the provincial leishmaniasis control program. We found 264 cases of CL (94.96%) and 14 cases of VL (5.03%). The age groups most affected by CL were 0-5 years and pediatric cases (age less than 15 years) represented 74.62 percent of all CL cases. Females accounted for 61.15 percent of CL cases. The evolution of the number of notified cases of CL each year showed significant variations with a minimum value of 36 in 2015 and a maximum value of 70 in 2018 with an average number of CL cases recorded per year of 52 cases. The period at risk of CL contamination was the second and third quarter of the year with a percentage of 69.7 percent. 93.18 percent of communes affected by CL were rural communes. Passive screening was 96.59 percent with a number of LC cases of 255. 248 CL cases (93.93% of cases) were treated locally and 2 cases (0.75%) were treated systemically. 14 cases of VL were recorded, with a minimum value of 1 case in 2016 and a maximum value of 5 cases in 2017.All cases were treated by general route. In the present study, the analysis of the annual incidence of CL per 100,000 inhabitants showed a clear decrease in this indicator from 4.48 in 2015 to 1.65 in 2019.

Covid-19 is a serious pathology it is associated with a deep immunodepression which favors invasive fungal infections especially in patients in intensive care unit. We report in our work a series of five covid-19 patients with fungal co-infection. We conducted a retrospective study including all COVID-19 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients who presented a clinical worsening during their hospitalization were sampled with mycological study (bronchoalveolar lavage, serum and fungal blood culture). The diagnosis of fungal superinfection was retained in five patients, two of whom had probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Two other patients had a Cryptoccocusneoformans infection, one of which was disseminated. Candida albicans sepsis was found in only one patient. In the literature, invasive candidiasis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. in covid-19 patients are associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate, hence the importance of early diagnosis and management. It should be noted that the clinical presentation of invasive fungal infections is not very specific, especially at the beginning of the infection when antifungal treatment is more effective.

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii which can have serious consequences for the fetus in case of pergravidicseroconversion. The present work is analytical and descriptive complementary studies: prospective (1-09-2015 to 31-12-2015) and a retrospective study (01-01-2010 to 31-12-2014) performed in the service of Parasitology - Mycology Marrakesh.The seroprevalence of pregnant women immunized against toxoplasmosis in our study is 35%, including women from rural and illiterate are proven to be the most immune. The main risk factors for disease transmission are the lack of knowledge about toxoplasmosis, the modes of transmission and means of prevention, and the low level of hygiene. We also raised a blatant lack of regular serological monitoring in seronegative pregnant women who received only one serological test in 66%. The present study confirmed that more than half of pregnant women are not immunized against Toxoplasma gondii and deserve monthly monitoring for early detection of possible seroconversion and implement effective therapeutic management.