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Free-text query terms were recorded from the University of Nebraska Water Quality Web Site. Comparisons were made between 3,275 free-text searches representing 2,075 unique terms and three controlled vocabularies: Library of Congress Subject Headings, Water Resources Abstracts Thesaurus, and Aqualine Thesaurus 2. Between 30 percent and 40 percent of the free-text queries were exact matches to a term in one of the controlled vocabularies. Other user query terms varied from the controlled vocabularies in whether the term was singular or plural, in spelling, and in word endings. About 40 percent of the terms had no near matches. Around 15 percent of the users included a non-subject resource descriptor. Resource descriptions of most interest to searchers were keywords, geographical delineators, and genre/format terms.

Meiotic chromosome pairing was examined in F1 hybrid regenerants from Oryza sativa (AA) × O. latifolia (CCDD) and O. glumaepatula (AcuAcu) × O. latifolia (CCDD) crosses produced through embryo culture. The average number of chromosome pairs in the O. sativa × O. latifolia regenerants ranged from 13.79 to 14.79. Ten to 18 bivalents were observed per cell. The average number of bivalents in the O. glumaepatula × O. latifolia regenerants ranged from 12.44 to 13.87, with 10–17 bivalents per cell. Some desynapsis occurred but 10 to 12 true bivalents remained at late metaphase in most cells. The high number of bivalents observed in the hybrids from these divergent parents indicates that a genetic system for pairing control similar to that in Triticum may be present in the Oryza genus.Key words: Oryza, embryo culture, meiosis.

Libraries and the scholarly community share a dream of creating a world where scholarly articles are easily available on the Internet to everyone who wants them, without any fees, restrictions or barriers of any kind. What is preventing us from fulfilling such a noble and worthy goal? This paper examines selected case studies that show how libraries and scholars are coping with the science journal crisis. By highlighting responses that are innovative and proactive, this paper hopes to contribute to a general awareness of responses that have the potential for transforming the current scholarly communication process into an open, unimpeded, author-controlled electronic-journal based scholarly communication process.