For residents of all northern countries, a great biological hazard is the cold, which negatively affects all the functions of the body. Fatal outcomes when exposed to the cold are very often associated with alcohol consumption. At the same time, the number of survivors, but those who become disabled due to supercooling, seriously exceeds the number of dead. In the case of progressive hypothermia in the human body, a number of negative reactions occur, leading to a drop in temperature, depletion of physical reserves of the heart, liver, muscles, breathing and heartbeat, reduce the tone of vessels and reduce the blood flow rate. All this leads to stasis of blood, oxygen starvation of tissues due to the excessive connection of oxygen with hemoglobin. Under the influence of cold, frostbite most often occurs, manifested by reactive inflammation and necrosis. The main cause is the cooling of the body surface and the thermoregulation disruption. In the course of the emerging necrosis, the role of tissue edema is great. In addition, with the influence of cold, the vessel spasms develop, the bloodstream slows down and the tissue ischemia is growing. Physical rehabilitation after the action of the cold should be carried out very actively. Its success is associated with the complexity and perseverance of the use of therapeutic physical culture, massage, and various physiotherapy.

The prevalence of sharp respiratory diseases is very wide. The disease affects all age groups of the population. It is known that every adult man per year is sick of a sharp respiratory disease from 2 to 4 times. This forms a greater danger of complications in the lungs-free and creates a large number of cases of disability, and therefore gives material damage. The effect on the organism of the causative agent of acute respiratory viral infection can vary significantly depending on the etiology, age of the patient, the state of his immune system, and the presence of concomitant diseases. Against the background of the height of the disease, symptoms of intoxication prevail chills, a sharp headache with overwhelming localization in the frontal region and temples, pain in the muscles and joints, pain when the eyeballs move or when pressure is applied to them, lacrimation, severe weakness, and fatigue. With acute respiratory disease, intoxication, hemorrhagic and respiratory syndromes are developing. The relative benignness and short-term flow of this disease leads to the fact that the majority of patients do not seek medical attention. For this reason, it is far from always possible to diagnose the species affiliation of the pathogen.

Social integration and comprehensive rehabilitation of people with disabilities with cerebral palsy occupies one of the leading places in physical rehabilitation. In all corners of the globe, medical workers and specialists of therapeutic physical culture constantly use the means of hippotherapy (Equine-assisted therapy) as a rehabilitation of people with cerebral palsy. The authors developed and tested the technique of hippotherapy in the process of development of motor functions and the formation of skills of household self-care in children aged 4-6 with the manifestation of a spastic form of infantile cerebral palsy. Subjects had different degrees of motor disorders; the average assessment of the degree of clinical manifestations prior to the start of the experiment was 2.2 points. The technique includes three stages of conducting exercises with the performance of exercises riding on the horse, aimed at normalizing the pathological muscle tone, the formation of the correct motor stereotype, the stimulation of tactile and proprioceptive sensitivity, the development of motor skills and the reduction of dysarthria, increasing the level of motor functions, which contributes to social rehabilitation of children with this disease. A low degree of social adaptation is due to the age of sick children and the short duration of mastering skills, as well as excessive guardianship by parents.

Regular mental exercises are currently considered an important component of the rehabilitation of various categories of patients with organic brain disorders. The study was carried out with the help of the Russian Internet portal "Chess Planet", which makes it possible to obtain information about persons with disabilities in the course of their sports training. The study involved 28 people with cerebral palsy at the age of 19-27, out of whom 25 were at the stage of sports specialization and 3 people were at the stage of improving sports skills. The study was carried out using the testing method and the method of statistical processing. After analyzing the data obtained, we can talk about the positive influence of the process of mastering the chess game on the psychophysical status of young people with cerebral palsy. This kind of sport increased the level of their sports training, their resistance to stress and steadily improved the general psychosomatic state. Even taking into account the developing decrease in the values of the considered indicators at the control stage of the study, the subjects had an increase of 13.7% in comparison with the preliminary stage of the study.

game sports are very promising in the modern world. Chess, which is one of the adaptive sports, occupies a prominent place among them. Its great advantage is associated with the absence of the need for the athlete to perform essential motor actions and the achievement of superiority over the opponent in the course of mental efforts. It is of great interest to elucidate the dynamics of the general functional indicators of a young organism with persistent pathology and an organism that has begun to age in the course of playing chess. The process of chess sports training has a pronounced positive effect on the general psychoemotional state of people with cerebral palsy and the elderly, increasing their resistance to psychophysiological stress. Mastering the game of chess increases stress resistance and improves the general psychosomatic state of chess players with disabilities. As a result of chess lessons on all scales of psychophysical qualities, the subjects showed general positive dynamics. In all cases, there was an improvement in "Wellbeing", "Activity", and "Mood" with a decrease in the levels of "Loneliness", "Situational anxiety", and "Personal anxiety".