In the paper, the financial sources used by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia to finance innovation are identified. The sources that are essential for SMEs are determined. Types of innovation the small and medium enterprises are investing their sources in are found out. To conduct the survey questionnaire was used. The results were processed by means of the Chi-square test.Introduction. The industrial policy of the EU stresses the importance of promoting innovation among European companies as one of the key objectives of policy. This has led to the development of framework policies to promote pan-EU cooperation in R & D and other areas of technological development [7]. The development of a knowledge-based economy lies at the heart of these framework policies. The structuring of the European research area part of the program is seeking to build a European research base and accounts for approximately 16 per cent of the budget [26]. The framework programs are basically attempts to build pan-EU competence in major areas of research and technological developments and to promote a European ethos for such a research base. The framework programs have elements of seeking to build European champions in the area of research and technological competence [1]. The rationale for this would seem to be closely allied to the political integration driver of policy, as it is not clear that a European research and technological development base is preferable to a global or even a US orientated base [13]. Clearly, the USA is the technological leader in most of the thematic areas in the 6th Framework, hence linking to US research bases may be a more effective policy. If the objective is to develop European political institutions that foster research and technological development then the framework programs make sense. However, thus far the EU has not developed audit systems that test for the effectiveness, in terms of output relative to the US research base, of the framework programs [21]. Moreover, member states' governments maintain their own research and technological development programs often only marginally linked to the framework programs.As highlighted by EU Industrial Policy, industry is crucial for EU competitiveness and innovation is a key factor in this regard. Industry accounts for 80% of Europe's exports. Some 65% of private sector research and development (R&D) investment comes from manufacturing. Therefore, industrial modernization in Europe must be broad-reaching and include the successful commercialization of product and service innovations, the industrial exploitation of innovative manufacturing technologies, innovative business models. Studies show that those companies who prioritize innovation are also those who experience the highest increase in turnover [20]. Some 79% of companies that introduced at least one innovation since 2011 experienced an increase of their turnover by more than 25% by 2014. Small and medium-sized enterprises are a particular target for innovation policy. The smaller the comp...

Основные направления ускорения модернизации аграрного сектора сельской периферии Севера (на примере Республики Коми)* Валентин Александрович ИВАНОВ доктор экономических наук, профессор Институт социально-экономических и энергетических проблем Севера Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук 167982, Россия, г. Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 26,

Background: Motivational interviewing is an effective counselling style for changing lifestyle behaviours. Few studies have examined brief motivational interviewing training for non-healthcare practitioners to deliver motivational interviewing-informed health programs. The purpose of this study was to pilot a brief motivational interviewing workshop on non-healthcare practitioners to deliver a community-based diabetes prevention program. Methods: This pilot study used convenience sampling to obtain seven participants naïve to motivational interviewing who wanted to become diabetes prevention program coaches. Participants attended a two-day motivational interviewing workshop, were then shadowed by an expert coach delivering the diabetes prevention program, and finally, were shadowed by an expert coach and received feedback. The primary outcome was whether coaches were able to maintain a level of at least client-centered motivational interviewing skills for the six months post-training, as assessed by the Motivational Interviewing Competency Assessment (MICA). Two independent coders used the MICA to assess a random selection of participants’ audio recordings of interactions between with diabetes prevention program clients. One session for each client in coaches’ first six months post-training was coded. Motivational interviewing-competency scores were generated using MICA scores for six months. Results: Coaches were 25B2 years old, 71% female, and 43% had less than a bachelor’s degree. Mean motivational interviewing-competency was at a level of client-centered (total MICA score of 3.3a0.24) over six months. The majority (71%) of all sessions were client-centered for all of the MICA categories. Conclusions: This pilot study offers preliminary evidence that non-healthcare practitioners attending a brief motivational interviewing training were able to deliver a client-centered level of motivational interviewing in a community-based diabetes prevention program up to six months post-training without the use of any booster training sessions. This suggests that the training used within this study may be sufficient to train future non-healthcare practitioner diabetes prevention program coaches in the community.

The article focuses on the study and development of integrated management system for logistical processes, taking into account the specifics of the activities of agro-industrial enterprises. The targets for research conducted in the article include the enterprises of the fishery industry, which is an integral part of the agro-industrial sector. The article considers the urgency of logistics development, the main problems of logistics systems of modern enterprises, and ways of effective management of logistical processes of sectoral organizations. It is stated that quality expense management of logistical processes can be the key to improving the efficiency of logistics in general. A mechanism for managing logistic costs is proposed, which is focused on performing certain stages in the process of setting up and implementing a system for managing the expenditure side in the company’s activities. It is assumed that the use of tools for managing logistics costs can significantly increase the efficiency of agricultural enterprises in the long term.