Purpose To report our experience with photoactivated chromophore corneal cross‐linking (PACK‐CXL) for treating keratitis patients. Methods This retrospective study consists of 27 eyes of 26 patients with infectious keratitis treated with PACK‐CXL at the Helsinki University Hospital between 2009 and 2017. Patients were treated with antibiotics/antifungal medications and underwent PACK‐CXL procedure due to lack of clinical response or severe corneal melts. For twenty patients, amniotic membrane transplant (AMT) was done during the same day. Follow‐up after cross‐linking ranged from 1 week to 12 months. Results Sixteen infections were related to contact lens wear. Of the 19 eyes showing positive culture, the predominant micro‐organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9 cases). The average re‐epithelization time was 13 days and in 15 cases (56%) the re‐epithelization occurred within one week. In 26 eyes, visual acuity increased and seven patients (26%) had a final visual acuity more or equal to 0.5 (20/40) Snellen. Conclusions PACK‐CXL seems to be a safe and potential option for treating patient with infectious keratitis who do not respond to antibiotic therapy.
Antifungal intervention fails in approximately half of fungal keratitis patients, demonstrating its limitations. Voriconazole use for fungal keratitis has raised new interest because of its broad spectrum and good ocular penetration. However, its effectiveness has not been systematically evaluated. Here we try to clarify the benefits of voriconazole in fungal keratitis cases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing voriconazole to placebo or other antifungal medications for fungal keratitis were searched in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials, and WHO-ICTRP. The primary outcome that analyzed was best spectacle-corrected vision acuity (BSCVA). The secondary outcomes were treatment success, corneal perforation or need for therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK). From 621 records, nine studies were selected for analysis. The results were as follows: As an initial therapy, topical natamycin outperformed voriconazole in BSCVA (mean difference = 0.14; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.26; P =.03). Voriconazole also has a greater risk of corneal perforation or TPK than natamycin (RR=1.69; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.58; P=.02). As an adjuvant, there is no significant difference found in BSCVA, treatment success, event of corneal perforation, or need for TPK between voriconazole and the other antifungal agents (itraconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin B, natamycin, and placebo). This study shows that voriconazole is less superior than natamycin in treating early infections of fungal keratitis. More RCTs with larger samples are needed to evaluate voriconazole's adjuvant efficacy.
Pendahuluan: Surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (SINS) merupakan komplikasi yang jarang dan terjadi setelah operasi okular. Sebagian besar kasus SINS berkaitan dengan penyakit autoimun sistemik. Skleritis setelah eksisi pterygium dapat terjadi akibat penggunaan iradiasi-?, mitomicin-C, dan kauterisasi berlebihan. Metode bare sclera pada eksisi pterygium dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya skleritis. Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan dua kasus SINS setelah eksisi pterygium dengan metode bare sclera. Presentasi kasus : Kasus pertama, pria berusia 44 tahun mengeluh terdapat bercak cokelat di area putih mata kirinya sejak 1 minggu sebelumnya. Pasien memiliki riwayat eksisi pterygium tanpa jahitan 3 minggu yang lalu. Tekanan intraokular sebesar 45 mmHg. Pasien diterapi dengan metilprednisolon oral, tetes mata fluorometolon, dan obat antiglakukoma. Kasus kedua, pria berusia 30 tahun mengeluh terdapat bercak cokelat pada area putih mata kanan sejak 1 minggu sebelumnya. Terdapat riwayat eksisi pterygium tanpa jahitan 3 minggu yang lalu. Pasien mendapat terapi metilpredinolon oral dan tetes mata prednisolon asetat. Kedua pasien menunjukkan perbaikan klinis setelah pemberian steroid. Kesimpulan: Etiologi infeksi perlu disingkirkan sebelum mendiagnosis SINS dengan terapi superinfeksi yang adekuat. Penanganan SINS berupa pemberian kortikosteroid dan agen imunosupresif. Tectonic grafting diperlukan untuk kasus berat.
Latar belakang : Keratokonus adalah suatu keadaan pada kornea yang ditandai dengan adanya ektasia pada sisi posterior kornea, ketebalan kornea yang tidak normal serta disebabkan faktor non inflamasi. Kondisi ini terjadi secara bilateral, walaupun tingkatan keparahannya sering kali tidak sama. Apakah tujuan tindakan untuk mengurangi iregularitas astigmatisma, memperbaiki kelengkungan kornea, memperkuat kornea, untuk menghentikan progresivitas keratokonus ataukan untuk meningkatkan tajam penglihatan. Tinjauan kepustakaan ini akan membahas pilihan penatalaksanaan keratokonus terutama dalam upaya menghentikan progresifitas keratokonus. Indikasi dan penatalaksanaan keratokonus progresif menggunakan Corneal cross-linking, protokol Dresden, protokol akselerasi, manajemen komplikasi dan studi terbaru terkait efikasi dan keamanan tindakan termasuk dalam pembahasan ini. Metode : Penelusuran literatur dilakukan dari Wiley online Library serta MEDLINE menggunakan Pubmed, hanya artikel berbahasa Inggris yang disertakan. Daftar pustaka termasuk di dalamnya buku teks yang relevan terhadap artikel. Hasil : Terdapat sembilan belas artikel terkait pembahasan penatalaksanaan terkait keratokonus sesuai dengan kriteria pembahasan. Kesimpulan : Pilihan penatalaksanaan keratokonus pada pasien secara umum bergantung kepada hal yang ingin dicapai. Mengurangi iregularitas astigmatisma, memperbaiki kelengkungan kornea, memperkuat kornea ataupun untuk menghentikan progresifitas keratokonus. Pilihan tindakan dapat berupa pemberian kacamata, intracorneal ring segment, Corneal cross-linking, lensa fakik intraokular, tindakan laser dan keratoplasti. Corenal cross-linking adalah pilihan utama tindakan untuk menghentikan progesifitas keratokonus.
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