-(Bryoflora (Bryophyta and Marchantiophyta) of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, Brazil). There are a few studies on bryophytes from Brazilian Islands. Most of these studies are concentrated in the States of São Paulo and Pará. From the latter state, the Islands of Marajó, Germoplasma (in the Tucuruí dam reservoir), Algodoal-Maiandeua, and Trambioca were previously. However, considering the insular region of Belém municipality by itself, there are 39 Islands, including Combu Island, which is under environmental protection. It is formed essentially by várzea forest, one of the main types of floodplain Amazonian forests. The aim of this study was to investigate the bryoflora of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, through species richness and record numbers of mosses and liverworts, by supplying data about the ecology and geographic distribution of the species in Brazil, besides the morphological and taxonomical comments, when necessary. The collections were carried out in 17 plots of 10 × 10 m, being nine in high várzea and eight in low várzea. In total, 72 species were identified (27 mosses and 45 liverworts). Lejeuneaceae was the most representative family with 41 species. Higher species richness and record number ware observed in high várzea.

Th is study aims to investigate the richness and ecological aspects (ecosystem and substrate) of mosses and liverworts at two municipalities on Marajó Island, in the state of Pará, Brazil. Th e study area (6615 km 2 ) encompasses the municipalities of Soure and Cachoeira do Arari. Bryophytes were collected from the 10th to the 16th of January, 2007, during random visits along existing trails or during the forging of new trails, from all possible types of vegetation, regardless of the type of substrate. Th e ecosystems visited in the study area were capoeira (secondary vegetation, growing on land that has been burned or cleared), teso (vegetation growing on areas of land at an elevation slightly higher than the water line during fl ood season), fl oodplain forest, mangrove forests, cerrado (savanna) and natural grasslands (pure and mixed). In total, 11 families, 30 genera, and 67 species were recorded, of which 39 represented new records for the island.

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ResumoCololejeunea panamensis G. Dauphin & Pócs, descrita em 2006 foi referida como endêmica para a ilha de Barro Colorado no Panamá, América Central. Durante um estudo sobre a brioflora da ilha do Marajó, uma espécie de Cololejeunea mostrou-se diferente das espécies já registradas no Brasil, provando ser uma nova ocorrência para a América do Sul. O objetivo desse trabalho é divulgar a ocorrência dessa espécie em território brasileiro e ampliar o conhecimento sobre sua distribuição geográfica, morfologia e ecologia. O material estudado foi coletado na ilha do Marajó, município de Soure, estado do Pará, Brasil, no período de 10 a 16 de Janeiro de 2007. As amostras coletadas estão depositadas no Herbário do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MG). Foram coletadas um total de nove amostras contendo Cololejeunea panamensis, sendo esse o segundo registro já feito da espécie além do material tipo e o primeiro registro para a América do Sul. A espécie é descrita taxonomicamente, ilustrada e são feitos comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, variação morfológica e habitat. Palavras-chave: Marchantiophyta, hepáticas, briófitas, Ilha do Marajó, Amazônia. Abstract Cololejeunea panamensis G. Dauphin & Pócs was described in 2006 and cited as endemic to Barro Colorado Island in Panama, Central America. During a study on the bryophytes of Marajó Island, one of the Cololejeunea collected showed differences from the species recorded in Brazil, proving to be a new record for South America. The aim of this study is to report the occurrence of this species in Brazil and discuss its geographic distribution, morphology and ecology. The material studied was collected on Marajó Island, municipality of Soure, Para state, Brazil, from 10 to 16 January 2007. The collections are deposited in the herbarium of Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MG). We sampled nine collections containing Cololejeunea panamensis. This is the second record for C. panamensis after the type collection and the first record in South America. The species is described taxonomically, illustrated and comments on geographic distribution, morphology and habitat are presented.

The archipelago of Marajó (Pará State, Brazil) in the mouth of the Amazon river is the largest fluvialmarine complex worldwide, comprising about 2500 islands. The aim of this study was to investigate floristic and ecological attributes of the bryophyte flora of two major islands of the archipelago, Caviana and Mexiana, as a contribution to environmental conservation. In total, 572 samples were studied. The bryoflora of Caviana was represented by 89 species (39 mosses, 50 liverworts) and Mexiana by 50 species (28 mosses, 22 liverworts). Together, the two islands harbored 100 species (46 mosses and 54 liverworts). No statistical similarity was observed in the species composition between the two islands and 50 species were exclusive to Caviana while 11 species were only found on Mexiana. The latter island harbored a greater richness of mosses while liverworts were more diverse on Caviana. Epiphyllous bryophytes were exclusively found on Caviana. The floristic differences between the two islands are explained by differences in environmental conditions and vegetation cover. Drepanolejeunea lichenicola (Spruce) Steph., Eulacophyllum cultelliforme (Sull.) W.R.Buck & Ireland and Meteoridium remotifolium (Müll.Hal.) Manuel are new to the state of Pará and 31 species are recorded for the first time from Marajó.