Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) often presents with acute seizures, and recurrent seizures may also be seen in the long term in some patients. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the frequency and type of acute seizures and to define the risk factors. Methods: Sixty-two patients diagnosed with CVST between September 2007 and October 2018 were retrospectively evaluated for the occurrence of acute seizures. Seizures which developed as a presenting symptom or occurred within 2 weeks of diagnosis were defined as acute seizures. Demographic, clinical, and radiologic characteristics were compared between patients with or without acute seizures. Results: Twenty (32.3%) of the 62 CVST patients had acute seizures. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between acute seizures and aphasia (P=0.03), motor deficit (P<0.001), sensory deficit (P=0.018), severe (≥3) modified Rankin Scale scores on admission (P=0.017), sagittal sinus thrombosis (P=0.037), cortical vein thrombosis (P<0.001), supratentorial lesions (P<0.001), and hemorrhagic lesions (P<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis identified supratentorial lesions (P=0.015, odds ratio: 9.131, 95% confidence interval: 1.525-54.687) and cortical vein thrombosis (P=0.034, odds ratio: 5.802, 95% confidence interval: 1.146-29.371) as independent factors for acute seizures. Although 25% of patients with acute seizures had recurrent seizures during hospitalization, only 2.6% of the 38 patients with long-term follow-up had recurrent seizures. Conclusions: Approximately one third of patients with CVST had acute seizures. Cortical vein thrombosis, supratentorial, and especially hemorrhagic lesions were the most significant risk factors associated with acute seizures. Although seizure recurrence may occur early in the course, long-term recurrence is rare in CVST.

Introduction: Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most commonly encountered tremor disorders in movement disorders. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one of the best in vivo ways of mapping white matter pathways in the human brain. The aim of our study was to investigate diffusion variables and cerebellum volume in ET and PD using parcellation methods. Methods: Our study included 20 ET, 20 PD and 20 healthy controls. Fraction Anisotropy (FA) and Mean Diffusivity (MD) values were obtained with DTI, while the volume of each lobe of the cerebellum was obtained with T1 images. One-way ANOVA was used for intergroup analysis and Scheffe test was used for post-hoc analysis. Results: Significant differences were found in the diffusion values of the pedunculus cerebellaris, fornix stria, superior longitudinal fasciculus, sagittal stratum, cerebral pedunculus, tapatum and thalamus of ET and PD. Lobule V, Lobule IX, Lobule X volumes of the cerebellum showed significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: Stria thermialis shows involvement of mesolimbic dopaminergic system in PD and it is thought that disruption of strial networks leads to changes in the activity of cerebellar networks and reveals the role of the cerebellum in tremor. It is obvious that cerebellar thalamocortical pathways are affected in Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, patients should be evaluated for visual processing, conceptualisation, postural instability and gait disturbance to clarify the diagnosis or to differentiate from essential tremor.