Pedagogical content knowledge is consisted of two components: student knowledge, teaching strategies. Student knowledge was defined to sub-categories as connecting prior knowledge to new knowledge, noticing students' mistakes, identifying students' difficulties of understanding. The aim of this study is to examine middle school mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge in terms of student knowledge regarding quadrilaterals. Interview method was used. 30 middle school mathematics teachers working at 12 different schools in Turkey participated. Content analysis was used. Results show that teachers teach lessons taking into consideration their students' previous knowledge and new knowledge they do by "reminding quadrilaterals students previously learnt" or "making association between similar quadrilaterals. The teachers pointed out the students' mistakes about quadrilaterals were group under three headings: mistakes regarding defining quadrilaterals, mistakes regarding visual property, classification of quadrilaterals, and family relation within quadrilaterals. The students' difficulties are summarized in two groups: difficulties identified related with trapezoid, difficulties identified related with other quadrilaterals. Different studies can be carried out on different pedagogical content knowledge components to examine the relationship between the results.

ÖZHekimlik mesleği, sağlık hizmetleri sistemi içindeki en dinamik ve kritik unsurdur. Sağlık sisteminin iç içe olduğu ekonomi, siyaset, sosyal ve bireysel hayat, hekimliğin etkileşim alanı içinde yer almaktadır. Bu nispette geniş bir etkileşim alanı içinde bulunan hekimlik meslek kültürü, aynı zamanda içsel ve dışsal birçok belirleyici çerçevesinde şekil almakta, binlerce yıldır taşımakta olduğu misyonu zamanla, çevre unsurların gücü nispetinde değişime uğrayabilmektedir. Bu araştırma, hekimlik mesleğinin içsel ve dışsal kültürel belirleyicileri üzerine yapılmış bir literatür çalışmasıdır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Hekimlik Mesleği, Meslek Kültürü, Profesyonel Meslekler, Tıp Eğitimi. JEL Sınıflandırma Kodları: I2. ABSTRACTPhysician profession is the most dynamic and critical factor in the health services system. Economy, politics, social and personal life nested in the health system is included within the medical interaction field. Standing in a large interaction field, the physician culture, is shaped in accord with a great number of internal and external determinants and its mission that it has been carrying for thousands of years can go into a change in proportion to the force of environmental factors. This paper a literature study which conducted on internal and external cultural determinants of medical profession.

This study addressed the use of Mentimeter, one of the Web 2.0 tools, by junior-level pre-service mathematics teachers, who study at the department of primary mathematics teaching, to maintain the students’ interest in the lesson and to encourage them to participate more easily. Drawing on a case study design, this study further aimed to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of using Mentimeter on students in courses. To collect data accordingly, the students participating were asked to write two reflection papers on the use of Mentimeter in the first and last course. This study was carried out on a voluntary basis with the participation of 30 pre-service teachers. This study concluded that the positive opinions of the pre-service teachers positively on the use of Mentimeter included that it increased the motivation towards the course, allowed the students to answer the questions without any hesitation as they were kept anonymous on the screen while answering, and acquired different perspectives as they could read the opinions of their peers; on the other hand, some of the negative opinions emphasized the time-consuming nature of the application, causing delays in the lesson.

The aim of this study is to examine examples of activities prepared by pre-service mathematics teachers for entrepreneurship education based on their knowledge of the aspects of entrepreneurship education and the achievements in this area in the secondary school mathematics curriculum. In the national and international literature, there are very few studies on entrepreneurship skills in mathematics education and on developing these skills. In addition, there are no secondary school mathematics curriculum acquisitions or application examples prepared in accordance with such acquisitions. The participants of this study included 20 pre-service teachers enrolled in the third-year undergraduate course “Connection in Mathematics Teaching” who volunteered to participate. Over the course of two weeks, four lessons of approximately 40 minutes, or 160 minutes in total, were taught to pre-service teachers addressing the following questions: “What are entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial skills? How are they related to mathematics? What can be done about the achievements in mathematics and the mathematics curriculum?” The subjects were explained and examples of applications from the researcher’s own work were given. After these explanations, the pre-service teachers were given an assignment. The data of the research consist of the completed assignments and audio recordings of individual interviews after homework analysis. The data were analyzed by content analysis.