An experimental programme was conducted in which eight full-scale unreinforced masonry walls were subjected to cyclic face loading using a system of airbags. Of the eight walls, six contained a window opening and four were subjected to vertical pre-compression. Combined supports at the vertical and horizontal edges ensured that under face loading the walls underwent two-way bending. The test walls were found to possess good post-peak strength and displacement capacity as well as reasonable energy dissipation characteristics. Significant strength and stiffness degradation and non-symmetry of strength in the positive and negative displacement directions were also evident. Discussion of the causes of the aforementioned trends and their implications towards the seismic response of masonry walls is provided. and limited displacement capacity perpendicular to the wall face, slender masonry walls (heightto-thickness greater than 10) are especially prone to out-of-plane failure which has been identified as one of the most dominant modes of failure in masonry construction during seismic loading [1].As part of a long-term goal to reduce the seismic risk posed by URM construction, research is currently underway to develop suitable design and assessment procedures to protect against this type of failure. Research into the out-of-plane seismic response of vertically spanning URM panels [10] has led to the development of a simplified displacement-based (DB) design procedure. DB methods have gained popularity in recent years for the seismic design and assessment of ductile structural systems including multi-storey buildings [11,12], continuous concrete bridges [13] and in-plane masonry walls [14]. The overall aim of the current research is to develop a DB design procedure for two-way spanning masonry walls, which include any class of walls supported on at least one vertical edge and one horizontal edge. However, the development of such a method requires the load-displacement behaviour of two-way walls to be properly understood and characterized through experimental tests under the application of cyclic loading.While a significant amount of experimental research has been conducted into the static strength of URM walls in out-of-plane flexure (e.g. [15-18]), published literature reporting quasi-static cyclic tests or dynamic tests on such wall panels is limited. Most of the out-of-plane cyclic load tests on masonry panels have been performed on one-way spanning walls supported at their top and bottom edges and include tests using standard URM [19-21], as well as URM strengthened by various means including fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) strips [22], expansive epoxy [23] and timber backup framing [24, 25]. Benedetti et al.[26] conducted a study of dynamic shaking table tests on 24 half-scale two-storey masonry buildings which focused on the overall building response with limited attention given to the two-way out-of-plane flexural response of component walls. Cyclic tests on two-way spanning walls in bending are especially rare, bu...

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Purpose The achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) for all communities and jurisdictions require a comprehensive roadmap that encompasses all dimensions of data infrastructure, social, economic, environmental and governance ecosystems. With this in mind, this paper aims to establish the link between the curriculum and intended learning outcomes of undergraduate and postgraduate subjects offered by the University and sustainability. This study is a part of a wider university strategy to embed sustainability knowledge and values in the university curricula. The 17 SDGs developed as a part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainability Development was used as tool to measure and map how the subjects are linked with sustainability. Design/methodology/approach To incorporate sustainability into the curriculum, this paper developed an interdisciplinary approach for analysing the interconnection between the SDGs, the expected subject learning points and the relevant aspects of sustainability (geospatial information, the legal, policies and institutional components). As part of the approach, in the first phase of the study, qualitative data were collected through a review of published information on the SDGs and the content of the subjects available in the subject handbook. Subject codes were assigned to the keywords and key phrases extracted from the SDGs and the subject content, and then compared and matched to establish the link between the subjects and the SDGs. Six university schools offering over 2,157 subjects were investigated. In the second phase, a survey was conducted involving subject coordinators with the purpose of validating the findings of the first phase and determining the strength of the linkages between the subjects and the SDGs. In the third phase, a plugin was designed to be used in the digital twin platform developed in the UoM, allowing visualisation of the research outcomes. Findings Based on the interim findings, it was found that some subjects within the schools are linked to more than one SDG. However, not all of the subjects within the schools can be linked to the SDGs. There is a scope of improvement for embedding sustainability in more subjects within the schools. Some of the schools were also found to have weak linkages with sustainability, which demonstrate the challenge in technical subjects in linking their subject contents with sustainability. Originality/value This study provides a methodology which enables the integration of sustainability into current state of the curricula at the university to be established. Further, with the advancement of geospatial technology and new visualisation opportunities through the use of the digital twin platform provides capabilities to communicate the outcomes of sustainability and involvement of each faculties and departments more effectively to the university community and wider stakeholders.

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