The multidisciplinary team in a pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) center can improve the delivery of care to the PH patient by helping them address the different challenges that correlate to a PH diagnosis. Currently, there are a limited number of accredited pediatric PH centers nationwide, and many healthcare facilities have little experience managing patients with this complex and rare disease. Patients with PH may see providers from multiple medical specialties, inherit a high‐cost burden from their PH medications, and have little community backing due to unfamiliarity of the disease. The multidisciplinary team can embrace these challenges. Through the delineation of tasks and roles within the composition of the team, patients can experience the support, resources, and care they need. The composition of the team can vary from center to center, but it may include an attending physician, advanced practice provider, nurse, dietitian, physiologists, respiratory therapists, social workers, research coordinators, and subspecialty collaboration including cardiology, pulmonology, genetics, psychology, and palliative care. When composing a multidisciplinary team, consider the heterogeneity of the patient population being served. Look at the resources available and overall community familiarity with PH. It is important to know the center's limits and refer to an expert PH center as necessary. The goal for every patient with pulmonary hypertension is to maximize their quality of life and outcomes, and the use of the multidisciplinary team is one approach to reaching this goal.
Preventable environmental factors such as exposure to poor air quality are predicted to affect 23% of all global deaths. Although there have been efforts to reduce air pollution through federal guidelines for vehicle and industrial emissions, the air in the United States remains far from clean. Children and pregnant women have been identified as high-risk populations who are particularly susceptible to the negative effects of poor air quality. This paper provides an overview of health concerns related to poor air quality, pediatric considerations from pregnancy through childhood, the importance of increased awareness of air quality assessment and prevention in patient encounters, and current advocacy efforts and legislation.
Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic was particularly concerning for the pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) population due to immature immune systems and developmental comorbidities. This study aims to describe a single-center experience of pediatric PH patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all pediatric patients followed by the PH Center at Texas Children's Hospital diagnosed with COVID-19 infection from April 2020 to February 2021. Results: We identified 23 patients with a median age of 58 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 25-75th, 21-132 months), 48% being Hispanics. Eight patients (35%) required hospitalization; median length of stay was 6 days (IQR: 25-75th, 5-8 days). Only three of these eight patients required increased respiratory support. Targeted PH therapy was escalated in four patients (two in dual and two in triple therapy). There was one mortality in a patient with failing Fontan physiology. Ninety-one percent of patients have had post-COVID outpatient followup, median of 101 days (IQR: 25-75th, 50-159 days) from diagnosis. Of the five patients with 6 min walk test (6MWT) data, three (60%) children walked less distance, median of −12 m (IQR: 25-75th, −12 to +49 m) compared to pre-COVID testing. Postinfection pulmonary function testing (PFT) was notable for decrease in predicted forced vital capacity (FVC; median −6%, range −11% to +6%) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; median −14%, range −12% to −18%) in 75% of the patients with PFT data. Conclusion: In our institution, COVID-19 was found more frequently in Hispanics and associated with low mortality.
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