Acrylamide (AA) levels in conventional (n = 112) and traditional (n = 43) Colombian foods were analysed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) detection. Samples included: infant powdered formula, coffee and chocolate powders, corn snacks, bakery products and tuber-, meat- and vegetable-based foods. There was a wide variability in AA levels among different foods and within different brands of the same food, especially for coffee powder, breakfast cereals biscuits and French fries samples. Among the conventional foods tested, the highest mean AA value was found in bakery products, such as biscuit (1104 µg kg(-1)) and wafer (1449 µg kg(-1)), followed by potato chips (916 µg kg(-1)). On the other hand, among the traditional foods, higher AA amounts were detected in fried platano (2813 µg kg(-1)) and yuca (3755 µg kg(-1)) compared to other products. Interestingly, the arepa, a traditional Colombian bakery product made with corn flour, showed a lower AA content (< 75 µg kg(-1)) when compared with similar bakery products tested, such as soft bread (102-594 µg kg(-1)), which is a made with wheat flour.

Cheese is a widely consumed dairy product with high saturated fatty acids (SFA) content, and with other high nutritional quality components. Due to the link of SFA and different diseases, many studies have replaced the cheese fat content with unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) rich sources to improve its nutritional quality. The fat replacement has physicochemical, textural, and sensory effects on dairy matrix. To the food science is mandatory to know which technological strategies of milk processing improve the quality of the end products. The most relevant results reveal that fish oil (FO) and flaxseed oil (FSO) have been the most researched UFA-rich sources, microencapsulation has been the most studied incorporation technology because it allows the oil entrapment with minimal effects on the cheese quality, and non-thermal technologies allow greater UFA fortification in cheese, improving its nutritional quality. Finally, the development of fortified cheeses with UFA-rich sources has been found as an innovative strategy to obtain high quality products with functional potential.

<p class="Default"><span>A partir de hojas frescas de la especie vegetal <em>Bejaria resinosa </em>(Ericaceae) se obtuvo el aceite esencial por la técnica de hidrodestilación; la determinación de la composición química se realizó por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (CG-EM), comparación de los índices de retención, los espectros de masas y los datos reportados en la literatura. Los metabolitos secundarios identificados en el aceite esen­cial se cuantificaron aplicando el método de estandarización interna; además, se verificó la densidad absoluta y se determinó el índice de refracción del aceite obtenido. El aceite esencial se obtuvo con un rendimiento del 0.031% en peso; en el cual fueron identificados 26 compuestos los cuales constituyen cerca del 75% de la composición relativa total del aceite esencial, dentro de los cuales se encontraron 6 monoterpenos, 16 sesquiterpenos, y 4 hidrocarburos alifáticos, donde está presente el compuesto mayoritario, que en este caso corresponde al noneno (61.91%). El valor obtenido para la densidad absoluta fue de 0,742 g/mL y el índice de refracción fue de 1,4265.</span></p>

Sequestration of secondary plant chemicals and brightly colored bodies occur in a number of unpalatable insects. The utilization of toxic plant chemicals has been proposed as a strategy of chemical defense, while aposematic coloration may advertise unpalatability. Here, we tested for the presence of aristolochic acid I in leaves of Aristolochia pilosa and female bodies of Mapeta xanthomelas, obtained from larvae feeding on the plant, using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The presence of aristolochic acid I in females of this conspicuous diurnal moth, an oligophagous herbivore of Aristolochia, is the first report of sequestration of aristolochic acids by an herbivore other than a species of Papilionidae.

This first phytochemical study of leaves of Ocotea caudata led to the isolation of ten isoquinoline alkaloids, one of them previously unreported, S-(+)-9-O-demethylnorpreocoteine (1), three known flavonoids, two phenols, two eudesmane type sesquiterpenoids, one proline derivative, one fatty alcohol and a phytosterol. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses including HSQC, HMBC, H-H COSY, NOESY, as well as HRESIMS data in addition to comparison with reports in the literature.