At this point in time, there is no clear understanding of how widespread and impactful nursing or healthcare ageism is, and what can best be done to prevent or address it. Nurses need to be aware that ageism may be common and impactful, and guard against it.
Resumo Objetivo: Identificar os saberes das mães jovens sobre o cuidado cotidiano da criança a partir de intervenção educativa, em busca de subsídios ao cuidado integral à saúde. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e de intervenção, desenvolvido com 20 mães entre 16 e 25 anos de idade com filhos menores de três anos, pertencentes à área de abrangência de uma unidade de saúde da família. A intervenção educativa foi baseada em cinco dinâmicas grupais e lúdicas, com avaliação por meio de pré e pós teste, abordando temas sobre nutrição, higiene, prevenção de acidentes domésticos, manejo da criança doente em casa e o desenvolvimento nos três primeiros anos de vida das crianças, antes, imediatamente depois da intervenção e cinco meses após a intervenção. Resultados: Com intervenção educativa intragrupo, no pré teste, os saberes das mães variaram entre os índices bom e ótimo, e houve uma parcela com classificações regulares e insuficientes em alguns temas. No pós-teste realizado imediatamente após a intervenção, os saberes foram classificados entre bom e ótimo, enquanto que no teste pós-intervenção, aplicado cinco meses após a educação em saúde, os índices regular e insuficiente voltam a se apresentar. Conclusão: A aquisição de saberes das mães aponta que a intervenção educativa por meio de jogos configura uma estratégia satisfatória na educação em saúde sobre o cuidado à saúde da criança. Contudo, os resultados sugerem a importância da continuidade das ações educativas em diversos momentos e contextos para garantir a sustentabilidade dos saberes e práticas, contribuindo para a integralidade do cuidado à saúde.
Background The concentration of under-5 child morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia in developing countries reflects the social inequities. This study aimed to map and assess the spatial risk for hospitalization due to Community-Acquired Pneumonia in children under 5 years of age and its association with vulnerable areas. Methods Ecological study in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study population consisted of hospitalized under-5 children, diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, in Ribeirão Preto-São Paulo-Brazil, from 2012 to 2013. Data were collected in different databases, by a trained team, between March 2012 and August 2013 and from the 2010 Demographic Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The 956 urban census tracts were considered as the units of analysis. The incidence of cases per 10,000 inhabitants was calculated by census tracts during the study period. For the identification of the spatial risk clusters, the Kernel density estimator and the Getis-Ord Gi* technique were performed. Generalized additive models were used to verify the association between areas with social vulnerability and the occurrence of childhood pneumonia. Results The study included 265 children under the age of five, hospitalized due to community-acquired pneumonia. A concentration of cases was identified in the regions with greater social vulnerability (low income, poor housing conditions and homelessness), as well as a lower occurrence of cases in the most developed and economically privileged area of the city. The majority of the children lived in territories served by traditional primary healthcare units, in which the health surveillance and family and community focus are limited. It is important to highlight that the tracts with the highest degrees of vulnerability, such as those identified as high vulnerability (urban) and very high vulnerability (subnormal urban clusters). Conclusions The results contribute to the comprehension of the social factors involved in child hospitalization due to pneumonia, based on the analysis of the spatial distribution. This approach revealed a strategic tool for diagnosing the disparities as well presenting evidences for the planning in health and strength health care system in achieving equity, welfare and social protection of children.
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