The research was aimed to determine the source of plant growth regulator from natural ingredients that can increase the viability of onion True Seed Shallot (TSS). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed, Universitas Sisingamangaraja XII Tapanuli, North Sumatra from June until July 2018. This research used Completely Randomized Design. The treatment of this research: Z0 (control/distilled water), Z1 (GA3 100 ppm), Z2 (BAP 100 ppm), Z3 (banana hump extract), Z4 (bamboo shoot extract), Z5 (onion extract), Z6 (coconut water). Each treatment has four replications. Parameters of this research include maximum growth potential (MGP), germination, root length, and hypocotyl length. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics v.20. The results showed that treatment onion extract can increase the highest TSS germination at 7 and 14 days after planting (DAP) amount 85.83% and 80.84% respectively. Treatment bamboo shoots, onion extracts, coconut water and GA3 can increase the MGP which is classified as high ranging from 81.67 to 92.50%. Soaking the onion TSS with bamboo shoot extract and GA3 treatment can increase the hypocotyl length amount 4.06 cm and 3.91 cm respectively.

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This study aimed to analyse the characteristics of fresh fish consumers in Traditional Markets and Modern Market and to analyse consumer behaviour in buying fresh fish based on fresh fish and market attributes in Traditional and Modern Market. The research method used was descriptive analysis method and Fishbein model analysis. The results showed that the characteristics of consumers who bought fresh fish in Sunggal Market were women in the age range of 31-40 years old with senior high school as their last education level and an average income of around IDR 2,000,000 - IDR 4,000,000 with the number of family members was of four people. While the characteristics of consumers who bought fresh fish at Smarco Superstores were women in the age range of 31-40 with an average undergraduate education as their last education level and a monthly income was more than IDR 5,000,000 with family member of five people. The most important fresh fish and market attributes in Sunggal Market were fish freshness and location proximity. While the most crucial attributes of fresh fish and market attributes in the Smarco Superstore Market were fish hygiene and product diversity.

Molecular approach as a herbicide-resistant agent detector is an initial solution before controlling of <em>Eleusine indica </em>weed. This review article is aimed to obtain the basic data of similarity and phylogenetic values among herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em><em> </em>biotypes. This research used a descriptive analytical method. The analysis involved 14 nucleotide sequences of herbicide-resistant <em>E.indica </em>biotypes obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The nucleotide alignment of herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica </em>biotypes was conducted with ClustaLW using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) v. 5.05 software based on a method of neighbor-joining tree construct/test. The results showed that two nucleotides of 7,921 herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em> biotypes were homologous (sequence 1,231 and sequence 1,408). The similarity values among herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em> biotypes ranged from 0.00 to 1.19. The information of phylogenetic pattern is needed in the selection of the herbicides mode of action rotation in order to control herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica </em>biotypes.