The aim of this study was to identify the possible determinants of impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Egyptian children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Fifty-eight consecutive patients of JIA aged from 8 to 18 years underwent assessment of socio-economic and demographic characteristics; HRQOL using Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scale, disease activity using the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score based on 27 joints (JADAS-27), functional ability using the childhood health assessment questionnaire (CHAQ), pain score on visual analog scale and psychological symptoms using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) score. Multivariate modeling was applied to determine the factors that associated with HRQOL impairment. A total of 55 % of the patients (32 of 58) had impaired HRQOL (<78.6). In multiple regression analyses, high CHAQ scores (OR 6.0, 95 % CI 2.0-17.5, P = 0.001), pain (OR 3.1, 95 % CI 1.9-6.3, P = 0.01), stop going to school (OR 3.9, 95 % CI 2.0-7.3, P = 0.01), low socioeconomic status (OR 2.3, 95 % CI 1.09-4.7, P = 0.04) and high psychological symptoms (OR 4.2, 95 % CI 2.0-12.6, P = 0.001) were determinants for HRQOL impairment. HRQOL impairment is a significant problem in Egyptian children and adolescents with JIA. These findings underscore the critical need for monitoring of HRQOL in these patients. More attention should be given to JIA patients who stop going to school and who has low socioeconomic status.

(1) Background: Childhood fever is a frequent reason for health care visits. Parents are worried about fever and its complications and show variation between their knowledge about managing fever and real practice, which are affected by many factors and beliefs. This study aimed to assess knowledge of Egyptian mothers about fever of preschool children and its domestic management and the relation between them and to identify sociodemographic factors affecting mothers’ knowledge and practice. (2) Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric outpatient clinic at Zagazig University Hospitals among 297 mothers with preschool children. A structured questionnaire consisting of three parts assessed the sociodemographic characteristics, mothers’ knowledge about childhood fever, and its management practices. (3) Results: 37.7% of mothers had good knowledge about childhood fever, and 23.9% showed good management practices. Young mothers, less number of children, high education, sufficient income, and good knowledge were the significant predictors of domestic management practices towards childhood fever. (4) Conclusions: The Egyptian mothers showed insufficient levels of knowledge and domestic management practices towards preschool childhood fever. Health education interventions should be targeted to mothers to improve their knowledge and practice.

Background: Primary postpartum hemorrhage PPH is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Many risk factors for primary PPH have been evaluated, while with changes of obstetric population and technological advances, some of these factors became more important and others were less. Aim: To identify common risk factors of primary PPH and measure the association between these factors and the occurrence of primary PPH. Methods: A case control study was conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department at Zagazig University Hospitals. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected about the participants' age and social class as well as studied risk factors for primary PPH including previous delivery mode, previous antipartum hemorrhage APH, previous PPH, parity, birth weight, gestational age, maternal obesity, maternal hemoglobin level, labor induction, current delivery mode, delivery trauma, episiotomy, placenta previa and retained placenta. Results: Primary PPH was significantly higher among older ages (> 34 years). Primary PPH showed significant associations with the following factors; Previous APH (OR= 3.57), previous PPH (OR= 2.85), macrosomia (OR= 9.57), maternal anemia (OR= 5.37), obesity (OR= 4.01), vaginal delivery (OR= 2.13), labor induction (OR= 2.88), trauma (OR= 3.53), retained placenta (OR= 8.51), and placenta previa (OR= 3.51). Conclusion: Maternal anemia, retained placenta, Macrosomia, and previous PPH were the most significant risk factors for primary PPH. Recommendations: Organized antenatal visits are recommended to help early detection of PPH risk factors and improve females' knowledge about PPH risk. clinicians should optimize care for high risk women. Adequate supplies should be provided to health facilities for prompt management of PPH.

Introduction: Social distancing is principally intended to reduce infectious disease transmission by decreasing interactions among people in a broader community. Keeping social distancing is an essential public health measure to resist the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: a cross sectional study was conducted among 1,036 Egyptians using an online questionnaire between 5 and 10 May 2020. Results: There was significant association between the practice of social distancing and some sociodemographic factors as sex, age, education, working status, and place of residence at p value < 0.001 and with community of residence at p value 0.021. Conclusions: Egyptians had good perception for social distancing to prevent transmission of COVID 19, but they were not strictly practicing it.

Our findings revealed that hypovitaminosis D is a prevalent health problem in adolescents, especially girls, who were at higher risk, and increased age and sun exposure improved vitamin D status among the studied group. There is therefore a need to consider vitamin D supplementation for school children together with increased awareness through a health education program.