Prolonged use of opioids causes analgesic tolerance and adverse effects including constipation and dependence. Compounds targeting imidazoline I 2 receptors are known to potentiate opioid analgesia in rodents. We investigated whether combination with the I 2 receptor ligand CR4056 could improve efficacy and safety of morphine and explored the mechanisms of the CR4056-opioid interaction. Experimental Approach: We used the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) model in rats to study the effects of treatments on hyperalgesia, morphine tolerance and microglia activation as measured by immunofluorescence. Opioid-induced adverse effects were assessed in rodent models of morphine-induced constipation, sedation (open field, sedation rating scale, and rotarod), physical dependence (naloxoneinduced withdrawal), and abuse (conditioned place preference-associated reward). Chemiluminescence assays tested CR4056 as allosteric modulator of μ-opioid receptors. Key Results: CR4056 (ED 50 = 4.88 mgÁkg −1) and morphine (ED 50 = 2.07 mgÁkg −1) synergized in reducing CFA-induced hyperalgesia (ED 50 = 0.52 mgÁkg −1 ; 1:1 combination). Consistently, low doses of CR4056 (1 mgÁkg −1) spared one third of the cumulative morphine dose administered during 4 days and prevented/reversed the development of tolerance to morphine anti-hyperalgesia. These opioid-sparing effects were associated with decreased activation of microglia, independent of CR4056 interactions on μ-opioid receptors. Importantly, the low doses of CR4056 and morphine that synergize in analgesia did not induce constipation, sedation, physical dependence, or place preference.