Africa"s most populous country, Nigeria is presently embroidered in security crisis which has become an unending challenge, not only by defying security measures but making a mockery of the efforts of the law enforcement agents and the millions of naira annually budgeted by government as security votes. This study therefore examines the predisposing factor in security crisis and the role of the law enforcement agents in the quest to stem its rising tide. The theory of class struggle as propounded by Karl Marx and enthused by Friedrich Engels was used to explain the topic under investigation. The quantitative technique which involved the use of questionnaire was employed to gather data from 831 respondents in Benin metropolis and this was analysed with the use of the simple percentage and inferential statistics. The study revealed that ethnoreligious conflicts, weak security and judicial system, unemployment, poverty, porous borders, lopsided development and marginalization were some of the predisposing factors in insecurity in Nigeria. The study maintains that there is the need to strengthen the security and judicial system, create jobs and employment opportunities for youth while also being fair and equitable in the provision of infrastructure in the various geo-political zones.

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The push towards overcoming low productivity and improving on organizational performance has been in the frontline of organizational objectives as managers make great effort to meet the demands of stakeholders. This struggle has led research into the roles of the employees in making productivity what the shareholders and investors desire. Organisations may differ, but one common objective of every organization is growth and development, which is only possible when the organization is performing well in its environment. This study adopted the equity theory of motivation as framework; this investigation examines the influence of staff welfare package has on organizational performance. The discourse, established from the analysed literatures that staff welfare package increases staff motivation, while staff motivation on the other hand increases and brings about productivity. Also, the paper assumes that there is a sparse volume of literatures on effects of staff welfare package specifically on organizational performance. The study therefore concludes that while more empirical work needs to be done specifically on the effects of staff welfare package on organisational performance, it can be inferred from previous findings as follows: if staff welfare package leads to motivation, and staff motivation leads to higher productivity; it, therefore, follows that staff welfare package impacts organizational performance. Recommendations were made that employers should let go of the entitlement attitude; the staff should be granted a welfare package of value; the employers should follow the tenets of equity and fair welfare; and the staff should strive to know their rights and privileges.

This study examined the arguments for and against labelling of post-primary students in Benin metropolis. The study utilized the labelling theory in its explanation of the subject. The design was exploratory and involved the use of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. A total of six hundred and eighty eight (688) respondents were administered on respondents in public and private secondary schools in Benin metropolis while 32 in-depth interviews were purposively conducted amongst students. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data collected was undertaken using frequency distribution while manual content analysis was used for qualitative data collected from the field work. Findings from this investigation showed that the inappropriate use of labelling is counter-productive in the achievement of students' educational goals. Based on the findings of the study, there is the need to re-educate teachers on the best way to use label to achieve specific goals.