Pestil; Türkiye' de genellikle kış aylarında tüketilmek üzere, dut, üzüm, kayısı, erik gibi birçok meyveden elde edilebilen vitamin ve mineral içeriği yüksek bir gıdadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada pestilin üretiminde kullanılan buğday nişastasının farklı oranlarda keçiboynuzu unu ile ikame edilmesi sonucunda elde edilen geleneksel ürünün protein içeriği ve dolayısıyla fonksiyonelliğinin artırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için dut ve hurma pestilleri, %25-%50-%75 oranlarında keçiboynuzu unu ile ikame edilerek üretilmiştir. Pestillerin kimyasal kompozisyonları (nem, kül, yağ, protein, toplam karbonhidrat), enerji değerleri, kalınlık değerleri, pH, titrasyon asitliği, HMF içerikleri, renk özellikleri (L*, a*, b*), mineral içerikleri (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Zn, P) ve duyusal analizleri gerçekleştirilerek ürünlerin besinsel özellikleri ortaya konulmuştur ve analiz sonuçları tek yönlü varyans analizinden yararlanılarak istatiksel açıdan değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda keçiboynuzu unu ile ikame edilen pestillerin makro besin ögelerinde belirgin bir artış meydana geldiği ve dolayısıyla ürünün besleyici değerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca %25 oranında keçiboynuzu unu ikameli dut ve hurma pestillerinin duyusal açıdan renk, görünüş ve tat-koku özellikleri değerlendirildiğinde en çok beğenilen pestil örneği olduğu belirlenmiştir. The Determination of Some Physical, Chemical and Sensory Properties of Pestil Containing Carob Flour at Different Ratio A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Research ArticleReceived 26 July 2017 Accepted 17 July 2018Pestil; is a traditional food with high vitamin and mineral content, which can be obtained from many fruit species such as mulberry, grape, apricot and plum and generally consumed in winter months in Turkey In this study, it is aimed to increase the protein content and thus the functionality of the traditional product which will be obtained as a result of replacing wheat starch used in pestil production with carob flour at different ratios. For this, mulberry and date pestils are produced by substituting carob flour at 25% -50% -75% ratios. The chemical compositions of pestils (moisture, ash, oil, protein, total carbohydrates), energy values, the thickness value, pH, titration acidity, HMF content, colour characteristics (L*, a*, b*), mineral content (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Zn, P), sensory analyses were carried out and the nutritional characteristics of the products were determined and the results of the analyses were evaluated statistically using one way ANOVA. As a result of the study, it was determined that pestils substituted with carob flour showed a significant increase in macro nutrients and this leads to increase at nutritive value. It was also determined that, mulberry and palm pestils, with 25% of locust bean flour substitutes are the most popular pestil samples when their sensory color, appearance and taste-odor properties are evaluated.

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The aim of this study was to determine the water activity, color, particle properties, bulk properties and reconstitution properties of microencapsules obtained from olive stone antioxidants, and to investigate the changes in polyphenol and antioxidant contents by kinetics modeling after storage of microcapsules in three different temperatures as -20°C, 4°C and 25°C for 6 months. It was observed that the microcapsules had a water activity value of 0.43, a bright light yellow color with low redness and inhomogeneous hollow particles. It was determined that they had hygroscopic (32.47%) and high caking properties (61.32%), their wettability (52 min) and dispersibility (34.44%) were low and they exhibited suitable bulk (0.26 g/cm3) and tapped density (0.33 g/cm3) values. The flowability (CI: 22.65) and cohesiveness (HR: 1.29) behaviors of the microcapsules were acceptable. In addition, it was found that the changes in polyphenol and antioxidant contents (except surface polyphenol content and microencapsulation efficiency) during storage were best explained by first-order kinetic model. Kinetic coefficients (reaction rate constant (k), half time (t1/2) and Q10 value) of all compounds examined at each storage temperature were calculated. Preservation of polyphenol and antioxidant contents of microcapsules during storage was found to be best at 4ºC and worst at -20°C. It is thought that microcapsules obtained from olive stone antioxidants are especially suitable for use in order to increase the functionality and extend the shelf life of the foods stored at 4°C.