Background: Sedative hypnotic/antipsychotic poisoning represented 5.84% of cases according to national poison data system in 2017. In Egypt, studies about antipsychotic poisoning are scarce. Objectives: is to assess the pattern of toxicity and prognosis of cases with acute antipsychotic poisoning admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Unit. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on cases who admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Unit with acute antipsychotics poisoning. All cases were subjected to clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations and electrocardiogram. Severity was assessed by poison severity score. Results: Majority of cases were represented equally in age groups (0-10) and (11-20) years with 33.3% for each age group, 65% of cases were females, most of cases were from urban areas (71.7%) and singles (71.7%). History of mental disorder found in 31.6% of cases and suicidal attempts represented the most common manner of poisoning (71.7%). Clozapine was the highest antipsychotic drug taken (35%) and 6.7% of cases developed extrapyramidal manifestations. Miosis was found in 56.7% of cases. Tachycardia was recorded in 46.7% of cases and QTc interval was prolonged in 43% of cases. According to poison severity score, most studied cases were either mild (51.7%) or moderate (33.7%). One case was admitted to ICU. Multiple regression analysis showed that decreased GCS, PCO2, O2 saturation were associated with increased hospital stay. Conclusion: Antipsychotic poisoning was commonly mild to moderate. Neurological and cardiovascular manifestations were the predominant. Sinus tachycardia and prolonged QTc were the most common electrocardiographic changes. Antipsychotic poisoning usually had a good prognosis.
Aims: To evaluate the self-reported drugs/substances in the emergency department presentations with acute recreational drug toxicity in a tertiary hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Clinical Toxicology Department, Tanta University. Between January 2019 and December 2020. Methodology: The data regarding the self-reported drug(s) / substance(s) in patients presenting to an Emergency Department in a tertiary hospital were collected and analyzed. The prevalence of each recreational drug/substance reported by the patients was calculated. Results: There were 373 recreational drugs/substances reported by 248 cases. The most frequently self-reported drug(s)/substance(s) were ethanol (reported by 122 cases), followed by cocaine (94 cases), opiates (36 cases), cannabis (30 cases), and amphetamine-like stimulants (29 cases). Other drugs/substances as spice (synthetic cannabinoids), benzodiazepines, pregabalin, methadone, and others were reported by the patients as well. In the remaining 16 of the total 264 cases (6.1%), the recreational drug(s) that had been used were unknown to or not reported by the patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study revealed that in this tertiary hospital ED, the main recreational drugs leading to the ED presentation with acute recreational drug/substance toxicity as reported by the patients were ethanol followed by cocaine, opiates, cannabis and amphetamine-like stimulants. Other drugs/substances as spice (synthetic cannabinoids), benzodiazepines, pregabalin, methadone, and others were reported by the patients as well.
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