Recibido:34 Neurocirugía 2006; 17:
ResumenObjetivos. Describir el rendimiento neuropsicológico de pacientes con aneurismas cerebrales que han sido tratados mediante cirugía o embolización, y determinar la existencia de diferencias en función de la modalidad de tratamiento.Material y métodos. Serie clínica compuesta por 93 pacientes voluntarios, con aneurismas cerebrales, tratados mediante cirugía (n = 56) o embolización (n = 37). A ambos grupos se les realizó una evaluación neuropsicológica retrospectiva, al menos un año después de realizar el tratamiento.Resultados. En ambos grupos se encontraron pacientes con déficit neuropsicológicos. En el grupo de pacientes tratados quirúrgicamente el porcentaje de pacientes sin ninguna afectación neuropsicológica es del 35.7%, mientras que en el grupo de pacientes embolizados este porcentaje asciende al 43.2%. Los análisis muestran una ejecución mejor en el grupo de tratamiento endovascular, respecto al quirúrgico, sólo en memoria visual y en el recuerdo con claves de la memoria verbal.Conclusiones. Años después del tratamiento, un importante porcentaje de pacientes presenta alteraciones neuropsicológicas. El tratamiento endovascular se asocia con un mejor rendimiento en memoria visual y en el recuerdo con claves de la memoria verbal, aunque explica un porcentaje muy escaso de la varianza. Por lo tanto, en la explicación del deterioro neuropsicológico parece más importante el propio efecto de la hemorragia que la modalidad de intervención.PALABRAS CLAVE: Aneurisma cerebral. Embolización. Cirugía. Cognición. Neuropsicología.
Neuropsychological impairment in patients with intracranial aneurysms: surgical versus endovascular treatment SummaryObjectives. To describe the neuropsychological status of patients with intracranial aneurysms and to compare the cognitive status of patients with intracranial aneurysm treated by surgical or endovascular mehtods.Material and methods. Ninety-three cases with intracranial aneurysms treated with surgery (n = 56) or embolization (n = 37) were included. A neuropsychological assessment was applied to both groups retrospectively, at least one year after treatment.Results. Neuropsychological impairment was found in both groups. 35.7% of the patients treated with surgery and 43.2%, of those treated with embolization did not show any cognitive impairment. Visual Memory and Cued Recall of verbal information are better in patients treated by embolization.Conclusions. Our results show that a large proportion of patients with intracranial aneurysms have cognitive impairment after treatment. Endovascular management may cause less impairment in visual and verbal memory. However, bleeding may be the most important factor to explain these cognitive impairments.
Syringomyelia is the condition in which cavities fulfilled with CSF are found within spinal cord. Syringes are caused by obstructions of CSF pathways of different causes. If we can not find a cause responsible for the blockage, we call it "idiopathic" syringomyelia. Drainage procedures have been widely used but results, especially long-term results, are not favourable and complication rate is high. Some authors prefer to restore CSF circulation instead to drain the syrinx. Results of this treatment modality are better in literature than drainage procedures. Adequate radiological studies help to identify problem location and to plan the approach. A case of "idiopathic" syringomyelia is presented. Treatment consisted on arachnoid webs dissection and dural plastia. Clinical and radiological response was good. Literature concerned about this kind of syringomyelia and treatment modalities are reviewed.
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