The objective of this research is to analyze the competitiveness and participation that the main honey exporting countries have, and their behavior in the global market, opening the way to other emergent economies in the international blocks battle and the economic globalization. The American study case is shown because it is the main buyer and for the importance that its providers have in the commercial balance, contrasting the competitive performance between Mexico and its competitors using the competitiveness of exportations in the market method for the 2001-2006 period. The national importance of the exportations to the American market of the apiculture sector for Mexico during the last 16 years is approached in the first section; in the second section it is shown how apiculture has developed internationally using a disclosed advantage index, in the third section the behavior of exportations and importations is shown, and finally a competitiveness analysis is made using the constant market participation analysis method (CMPAM).
Modelo de competencias directivas para la autonomía de gestión y liderazgo en supervisores de educación básica en el marco de las reformas educativas en MéxicoManagement and leadership autonomy model of supervisors of basic education in the framework of educational reforms in MéxicoCorona Velázquez, Luis 1 *, Ramírez Elías, Gloria 1 y Vázquez Fernández, Enrique 1 1 Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala México lcoronav@gmail.com ResumenEl trabajo de investigación es un avance de la tesis doctoral en Ciencias de la Administración; orientado a la construcción de un modelo propositivo de competencias directivas para la autonomía de gestión y liderazgo en el contexto de la supervisión escolar de educación básica en el contexto mexicano. El modelo propuesto se fundamenta sobre dos ejes epistemológicos: autonomía y liderazgo desde un enfoque de competencias. Resultado del debate de los modelos teóricos, se plantea la contemplación viva y un proceso de abstracción de los principios, características y regularidades de la autonomía de gestión y liderazgo para construir una realidad mejorada de las competencias directivas de supervisores escolares. Se estudia el contexto de las competencias directivas de supervisores escolares de una provincia de México en la perspectiva de la Reforma Educativa, destacando el principio de la escuela al centro, la autonomía de gestión, la ruta de mejora y los consejos técnicos. La metodología utilizada fue la cualitativa para construir los principios del modelo a través de entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales que permitieron "captar" los significados y sentidos de la autonomía de gestión y liderazgo como competencias directivas, pero también se utilizaron elementos de la metodología cuantitativa para identificar las tendencias de competencias directivas a través de un instrumento de competencias intratégicas, estratégicas y de eficacia personal. El modelo propositivo de competencias directivas se estructura en una primera fase denominada fundamentación, una segunda fase es la definición de un perfil deseable de competencias directivas para la autonomía de gestión y liderazgo y la identificación de necesidades de formación y desarrollo de competencias directivas que permitan estructurar el sistema de formación; la tercera fase es la implementación estratégica del modelo con la planificación y evaluación del modelo.Palabras clave: Modelo teórico, competencias directivas, autonomía de gestión, Liderazgo.. AbstractThe research work is an advance of the doctoral thesis in Administration Sciences; oriented towards the construction of a proactive model of managerial competences for the autonomy of management and leadership in the context of school supervision of basic education in the Mexican context. The proposed model is based on two epistemological axes: autonomy and leadership from a competence approach. The result of the debate of the theoretical models, live contemplation and a process of abstraction of the principles, characteristics and regularities of management autonomy and leadership ...
Deaths caused by suicide in Galicia during 1987 are studied, in order to identify high incidence areas where further studies could be designed to define specific factors for suicide. Three hundred and three death certificates and their corresponding judicial reports in the subgroup E950-959 of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) were processed. Suicide rate in Galicia was found to be 10.65 per 100,000 inhabitants, with 5,313 Years of Potential Life Lost. The suicide rate in the province of Coruña was the highest (12.79 per 100,000 inhabitants) and, within it, the Narón area reached the highest rate (35.40 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Male to female ratio was 3.7. Mean age at suicide was 52.8 (sigma = 18.8), the range being 14-90 years. The age distribution was concentrated at older ages, especially among women, who contributed to a higher number of deaths by suicide on sundays and first days of the week. Hanging was the method chosen in 66% of deaths. We conclude that Galicia has a high mortality due to suicide, especially in the industrial area where the economic crisis is more pronounced.
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