No abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between tourism development, renewable energy consumption, and economic growth in the United States, France, Spain, China, Italy, Turkey, and Germany using an innovative bootstrap panel Granger causality model. The results show that tourism development and economic growth are interdependent in Germany; whereas tourism development induces economic growth in China and Turkey, the reverse is true in Spain.Causal relationships between renewable energy and economic growth give credence to theories of renewable energy-led growth in Spain and growth-led renewable energy in China, Turkey, and Germany. Whereas the Italian and U.S. models demonstrate a bidirectional relationship, the Spanish, Italian, Turkish, and U.S. data show a causal link stemming from tourism development.Theoretical and policy implications are discussed within the realm of macroeconomics and sustainability.

A theoretical model was formulated based on cognitive-appraisal and bottom-up spillover theories and tested with structural equation modeling across two groups of residents—with and without prior experience staying at an Airbnb (as a guest). Results indicated that residents with prior experience staying at an Airbnb had significantly higher levels of emotional solidarity with visitors to their neighborhood, more positive emotions toward Airbnb hosts, and perceived that Airbnb visitors impacted community well-being and personal quality of life more positively, compared with residents without prior experience staying at an Airbnb. Moreover, the relationship between emotional solidarity and perceived community well-being was significantly stronger for residents with prior experience staying at Airbnb in addition to the significantly weaker relationship between negative emotions and community well-being. These results point to the importance of prior experience staying at Airbnb (as a guest) as a moderator in the formation of residents’ emotions and perceptions related to Airbnb hosts and visitors in their neighborhood.

The growing interest in heritage tourism in Africa is reflected in the Cairo Declaration of 1995, which was adopted under the auspices of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The objective was for African countries to identify, develop, and preserve a number of World Heritage Sites in cooperation with international agencies and special interest groups. Ultimately, it was expected that such development would enhance the promotion of cultural, thus heritage and ethnic tourism as part of the continent's economic development strategy. A number of forts and castles built by Europeans are currently being restored for heritage tourism in Ghana and the country also has several vital cultural resource sites that are critical components of the "Slave Route Project." Cape Coast and Elmina are two communities in Ghana currently receiving an increasing number of international visitors, including a significant number of African-Americans to the three World Heritage Sites located in the two towns. The purpose of the article is to examine how residents of Cape Coast and Elmina perceive African-American and White tourists. Data for the study were gathered in Cape Coast and Elmina through interviewer-administered surveys. Results indicate significant differences in residents' perceptions of Black and White visitors. The study concludes that considerable care must be exercised in the development and utilization of historically sensitive areas and properties for tourism.

The purpose of this research is to assess the service quality determinants of tour operators and examine the efficacy of these evaluations on overall trip satisfaction when customer mood is introduced as a moderating variable. The overall hypothesis of the article is that tourists' assessments of services and satisfaction may not be free of bias, but may depend on emotional states (such as mood) during the evaluation stage. The study used a sample of german tourists who traveled to the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The findings of the study lend support to previous literature that suggests tourists' moods influence overall trip satisfaction. Specifically, mood had significant interaction effects with intangible components of tour operations, such as staff and tour guides' services, as well as attitudes of locals, in predicting the overall trip satisfaction ratings. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed within the general framework of consumer behavior, and research ideas are provided to help guide further research in the area.