Objectives:The association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and unexplained recurrent miscarriage is elusive. The recommendations for improving pregnancy outcomes in these patients keep changing based on the available evidence. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of low molecular weight heparin on obstetric outcomes of recurrent miscarriage patients complicated with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism. Material and methods:We reviewed medical records of 121 patients with a history of recurrent miscarriage complicated by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms, retrospectively. From among them, 68 patients were treated only with folic acid and iron. The remaining 53 patients were treated with folic acid, iron and prophylactic doses of low molecular weight heparin. The subsequent pregnancy outcomes of these patients were noted. Results:The live birth rate was higher in patients with anticoagulant therapy than in patients without anticoagulant therapy (48.5% vs. 69.8%, respectively, p: 0.015) and the congenital anomaly rate was lower in anticoagulant therapy group (17.6% vs. 3.8%, respectively, p: 0.022). The other obstetric outcomes were found to be similar between the two groups. Conclusions:The current study demonstrated that low molecular weight heparin improved the live birth rates among unexplained recurrent miscarriage patients complicated with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms. However, the routine use of low molecular weight heparin did not improve the late pregnancy complications in these selected patients in the eastern region of our country. Further studies are needed to discriminate the effect of anticoagulation on the live birth rate of each of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism type.

BackgroundChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) usually expresses CD5 antigen. However, 7–20% of patients are CD5 negative. We report here a series of 19 CD5-negative B-CLL cases.Material/MethodsWe reviewed 19 consecutive CD5-negative B-CLL cases seen in our medical center from 2009 to 2015 and compared them with 105 CD5-positive B-CLL cases. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical parameters, laboratory parameters, and survival characteristics.ResultsLymphadenopathy was present in 31.5% of the CD5-negative group and 51.4% of the CD5-positive group (p=0.029). Splenomegaly was present in 42.1% of the CD5-negative group and 16.1% of the CD5-positive group (p=0.029). There was no difference between the groups in terms of Binet A, B, and C stages (p=0.118, p=0.051, and p=0.882, respectively). The median thrombocyte count was 144×109/L and 160×109/L in the CD5-negative and CD5-positive groups, respectively (p=0.044). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of median neutrophil count (p=0.169). The mean lymphocyte count was 43.2±4.0×109/L and 36.7±3.2×109/L in the CD5-negative and CD5-positive groups, respectively (p=0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and autoimmune thrombocytopenia. In five-year follow-up, 84.2% of CD5-negative patients and 90.5% of CD5-positive patients were alive (p=0.393).ConclusionsWe found more isolated splenomegaly, less lymphadenopathy, a higher lymphocyte count, and a lower thrombocyte count in the CD5-negative group. There was no difference between the groups in terms of clinical stage, autoimmune phenomena, hemoglobin and neutrophil count, and survival.

Aims and background:In the present study, we investigated the associations between pre-and posttreatment levels of adiponectin, ghrelin, resistin, visfatin and leptin levels in malign and benign groups Methods and study design: 20 malign colon carcinoma groups and 20 benign groups were included in this study. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, and visfatin were measured by Elisa kits (Milipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA). Results: In the malign group, serum ghrelin (71.90±23.7) levels signifi cantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared to those in the benign (88.00±16.9) group. However, serum resistin (4.92±2.2, 3.39±1.1) levels increased statistically signifi cantly (p<0.05). In the malign group, serum visfatin (0.85±0.6, 0.83±0.5), adiponektin (60.31±23.1, 56.39±25.9) and leptin (3.08±1.4, 3.74±1.3) levels were not statistically signifi cantly different from those in the benign group. In the malign treatment group, serum adiponectin (102.64±50.3, 66.64±27.0) levels were increased signifi cantly (p<0.05); however, serum visfatin (1.17±0.9, 0.68±0.3), ghrelin (85.52±29.5, 82.18±18.0), leptin (5.65±2.8, 3.16±1.1), and resistin (5.96±2.8, 5.65±1.7) levels did not change signifi cantly (p<0.05) compared to those in the respective benign treatment group. Conclusions: We showed that adipocytokines were involved in the carcinogenic process. The present results suggest that resistin and ghrelin may be important biomarkers of colon cancer. Furthermore, an in vitro study will also be necessary to evaluate the direct function of these adipocytokines in cancer cells. In addition, it will be appropriate to conduct new studies with a large number of patients at different stages (Tab. 1, Fig. 2

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and bovine rotavirus (BRV) infections are very common in neonatal diarrhoea of calves which are of the important problems in cattle breeding. In the present study 110 calves with neonatal diarrhoea from Kirikkale and surrounding provinces were investigated for BCoV and BRV presence by RT-PCR in stool samples and positive BRV samples were genotyped by PCR based on VP4 and VP7 genes. In total, 41 samples were BCoV positive (37.27%) and 41 samples were BRV positive (37.27%), whereas 20 samples were positive for both BCoV and BRV (18.18%). According to the results of the study, BCoV and BRV are the neonatal calf diarrhoea agents in calves reared in Kirikkale, Kirsehir, Ankara, Cankiri, Corum, and Yozgat provinces. Genotyping results of positive BRV samples indicated that G6P[5], G10P[5], G10P [11], and G6P[11] genotypes, commonly seen in Turkey, are circulating among these provinces. Detection of these genotypes indicated importance of vaccination against neonatal diarrhoea and selection of vaccine strain.

The prevalence of Hymenoptera sting reactions in our geographical region is comparable with other European studies. There is a need to increase the awareness of adrenaline in the emergency management of insect sting anaphylaxis and venom immunotherapy in the prophylaxis.