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Telah dilakukan karakterisasi pasir besi alam Pantai Samudera Baru Karawang dan aplikasinya sebagai filler pada penyaring elektromagnetik. Sampel pasir pantai diekstraksi menggunakan magnet permanen untuk memisahkan material magnetik dan non magnetik. Karakterisasi pasir besi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM-EDX menunjukkan bahwa sampel pasir besi mengandung unsur Fe dan O, yang berasal dari fase Magnetit (Fe3O4), Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) dan hematit (α-Fe2O3). Sistem penyaring elektromagnetik dibuat dari pipa PVC berdiameter 1 inchi yang diberi lilitan kawat tembaga berdiameter 0,35 mm, panjang kolom penyaring 50 cm dengan 1050 lilitan dan dimasukkan pasir besi 500 gram sebagai media penyaring. Penyaringan dilakukan dengan mengalirkan sampel air dengan besar arus konstan yaitu 2 A. Hasil pengujian menggunakan Spektroskopi Serapan Atom (SSA) menunjukkan penurunan kadar logam Fe dari 1,228 ppm menjadi 0,0510 ppm dan 0,0813 ppm.Kata Kunci : pasir besi, SEM-EDX, sistem penyaring elektromagnetik

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are fast developing toward large-scale production. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was applied as a hole transport material (HTM) for carbon-based mesoscopic PSCs with n-i-p structure. The GO was prepared using a simple Hummer’s method, while the carbon counter electrode was deposited using a doctor blade and heated at a temperature of 120 °C. The mesoscopic carbon-based PSCs with various GO dispersion (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg.ml−1) are fabricated and characterised for optimised photovoltaic performance. Consequently, the use of GO as HTM improved the quality of perovskite film by providing perovskite crystals with larger grain size and fewer pinholes. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.01% was obtained with GO dispersion concentration of 1.0 mg.ml−1, which was significantly higher than a similar device without HTM with a PCE of 8.32%. These results show that GO effectively serves as a promising HTM. Combined with the use of carbon as a replacement for metals as a back-contact electrode, this work demonstrates that the overall material cost for perovskite solar cells could be reduced while maintaining excellent photovoltaic performance.

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