Background: Multiple intimate partner violence (IPV) educational programs have been developed for health care professionals (HCPs); however, program content and effectiveness vary substantially. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and synthesize the literature evaluating IPV education programs for HCPs to identify key areas for potential evidence-based recommendations and focus future research priorities. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using broad eligibility criteria to identify studies published between January 2000 and July 2015 that evaluated the effectiveness of IPV education programs in health care settings. All potentially eligible references were screened independently by two reviewers. Data extraction was completed independently by two reviewers for all eligible studies. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize all data. Results: We identified 65 eligible studies, 55% of which reported positive program effectiveness. Effective programs often reported the use of online training components, delivery by an IPV educator/ expert or physician/surgeon, the inclusion of a treatment protocol and resources for patients and HCPs, and included more than five training sessions lasting no more than one hours each.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that IPV educational programs are heterogeneous and that a wide variety of methodologies have been used to evaluate their effectiveness.

High-quality and moderate-quality evidence demonstrates that recipient age, congenital aetiology, creatinine, pulsatile MCS, donor age and female donor to male recipient sex mismatch are associated with 1-year mortality post heart transplant. The results of this study should inform future guideline and predictive model development.

P olyamory, a type of consensual nonmonogamy, is "characterized by simultaneous consensual romantic relationships with multiple partners." 1 Prevalence estimates of polyamory are sparse and often subject to methodological limitations. 2 The most recent estimate suggests that 1 in 5 single Americans have engaged in some form of consensual nonmonogamy in their lifetime. 2 This estimate encompasses all forms of consensual nonmonogamy and does not account for married populations or alternatively arranged families who are engaging in the practice. A Canadian-based survey (n = 547) reported that most polyamorous relationships contain at least 1 married couple. 3 This survey found that 75% of respondents were of child-bearing age and 23.2% of them had at least 1 child younger than 19 years living at home under the care of at least 1 parent or guardian. 3 It has been consistently reported that people who identify as gay, lesbian or bisexual are more likely to engage in consensual nonmonogamy. 2 Debate exists as to whether polyamory should be interpreted as part of one's sexual orientation rather than as a relationship orientation or practice. 5 Many who practise polyamory describe being polyamorous as part of their identity. 5 Few studies have investigated the experiences of those practising polyamory, and much of the available literature is from the RESEARCH

IntroductionBetween 38 and 59 percent of women presenting to health care professionals have experienced intimate partner violence. Consequently, multiple intimate partner violence identification or screening programs within health care settings have been developed; however, substantial variations in program content and interpretation of program effectiveness has resulted in conflicting practice guidelines. The purpose of our scoping review is to broadly identify and synthesize the available literature evaluating intimate partner violence identification programs within health care settings to identify key areas for potential evidence-based recommendations and to focus research priorities in the field.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and psycINFO. We used broad eligibility criteria to identify studies that evaluated intimate partner violence identification programs in health care settings. We completed all screening and data extraction independently and in duplicate. We used descriptive statistics to summarize all data.ResultsWe identified 59 eligible studies evaluating intimate partner violence identification programs within health care settings. The most commonly reported outcome themes were IPV disclosure (69%, n = 35), number of patients screened (39%, n = 20), HCP opinions towards screening (37%, n = 19), and patient opinions towards screening (29%, n = 15). The majority of studies (36 studies (70.6%)) reported positive program evaluation results.DiscussionThe majority of studies reported positive program evaluation results. This may suggest that many different intimate partner violence identification programs are beneficial for identifying victims of abuse, however, it remains unknown as to whether identification programs prevent future episodes of abuse. Additionally, the substantial heterogeneity of the intervention characteristics, study methodology, and outcome measures assessed limits the ability to make clear recommendations as to the optimal method(s) of screening.