The activity of fluconazole and amphotericin B against three isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans was evaluated, with fluconazole and amphotericin B MICs of 2.0-4.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L respectively, using time-kill curve methods. Fluconazole was fungistatic against all isolates tested (<99.9% decrease in cfu from initial inoculum). The fungistatic activity of fluconazole was not enhanced by increasing the concentration of antifungal in solution. In contrast, amphotericin B was markedly fungicidal (> or = 99.9% decrease in cfu from initial inoculum). Both the rate and the extent of amphotericin B activity were enhanced when drug concentration was increased.

Time-kill curves were determined for three isolates of Candida albicans tested against fluconazole and amphotericin B at multiples of the MIC. Fluconazole produced fungistatic activity, with concentration-related growth effects observed over a narrow range of concentrations. Amphotericin B exhibited fungicidal activity, with enhancement of activity over a broader range of concentrations.

No abstract

F105 is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD4 binding site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 and neutralizes clinical and laboratory isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus. This phase I study investigated the disposition of the antibody in humans. F105 was administered over a 60-minute period at two dose levels, 100 and 500 mg/m2. Blood samples were obtained for up to 56 days. The clearance of the antibody was 0.33 ml/min with a corresponding half-life of approximately 13 days. Peak concentrations achieved at the higher dose level were 216.19 +/- 9.62 micrograms/ml. The disposition of the drug was linear for the doses studied. Simulations were performed to design future studies aimed at investigating the efficacy of the antibody. This study concluded that F105 can be administered as a bolus dose every 21 days.