Almost one-third of older nursing home residents were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria in this study in Turkey. Calf circumference and body mass index were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia among nursing home residents. This is the first study evaluating sarcopenia using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria in Turkey. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 903-910.

Purpose We evaluated corneal endothelial cell (EC) damage after vitreoretinal surgery and compared the results using different tamponades. Materials and methods This prospective controlled study included 45 eyes of 45 patients (24 females, 21 males) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with gas (sulphur hexafluoride, SF 6 , 20%) or silicone oil (SO) tamponade. Patients were assigned to one of the three groups: group 1 (phakic, 20% SF 6 gas), group 2 (pseudophakic, 20% SF 6 gas), and group 3 (phakic, SO). Mean endothelial cell density (MCD), mean cell area (MCA), coefficient of variation in cell size (CV), and percentage of hexagonal cells (HC) values were measured using a non-contact specular microscope (SP-2000P; Topcon, Japan) at baseline and at 3 months after surgery. The fellow eye of each patient was used as a control. Results Group 2, which had the lowest baseline MCD and MCA values, was found to be different than groups 1 and 3 (P = 0.028 and 0.022, respectively). At 3 months postoperatively, all groups showed significantly lower MCD, HC and CV values than at baseline (all Po0.05). The mean changes in MCD at 3 months after surgery were 3.8 ± 2.8% (mean ± SD), 8.0 ± 7.5%, and 4.6 ± 5.4% in groups 1-3, respectively. The mean MCD changes in the fellow eyes were 0.31 ± 1.41% in group 1, − 0.63 ± 1.90% in group 2, and 0.14 ± 0.52 in group 3 at 3 months postoperatively (P40.05 for all). Conclusions Our findings revealed that corneal EC damage may occur after vitreoretinal surgery with gas or SO tamponade. Eyes that had undergone previous cataract surgery were more vulnerable to EC loss than phakic eyes, supporting the protective effect of an intact lens.

Best-corrected visual acuity improved up to 4 months in around half of the eyes. Eyes that benefited the most were pseudophakic, steroid nonresponsive, with large initial central macular thickness, and profuse fluorescein dye leakage.

Background/aim: Inflammation may play an important role in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. A growing amount of evidence indicates that resistin has hallmark regulatory functions such as inflammatory states. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma resistin levels would be useful in the diagnosis of patients with AD and to investigate the relationships between resistin and other inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP and TNF-α. Materials and methods:In this cross-sectional study, 38 AD patients and 32 control subjects with normal cognitive function aged 65 years and over were included. The diagnosis of AD was made according to DSM-IV and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Serum levels of resistin were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method using the human resistin E50 kit. Results:The median resistin level of AD patients was significantly higher than in the control group (86.3 vs. 70.8 pg/mL, P = 0.002). Overall accuracy of resistin in determining AD was 70.66%, with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 75.0%, 65.5%, 73.0%, and 67.9%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between AD patients and control subjects with respect to hs-CRP and TNF-α levels. Conclusion:Resistin levels may be considered as a predictor of AD and it may predict activation of the immune system in AD pathophysiology.

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