En 1984 surgió el plan de alta en enfermería en Estados Unidos. Éste fue incluido dentro del sistema Medicare con el propósito de reducir los costos del sistema de salud, por lo que este se extendió rápidamente a Europa y América Latina. En México existen pocos estudios sobre al plan de alta en enfermería, por lo que es necesario evaluar la trascendencia y el impacto de su aplicación. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo en un hospital de tercer nivel. La población de estudio fueron las enfermeras con licenciatura del turno matutino. El instrumento de recolección estuvo dividido en cuatro apartados (datos generales, elaboración y contenido del plan, así como el impacto de su aplicabilidad). Resultados: Las recomendaciones del plan de alta se centran en: los medicamentos, los signos y síntomas de alarma, los cuidados en el hogar y las medidas higiénico-dietéticas con 81%. Los profesionales de enfermería lo aplican de forma oral y escrita en 79%. Más de 50% no registra esta actividad en el expediente clínico. Su aplicación contribuye con el derecho que tienen los pacientes de estar informados, además del impacto en los reingresos hospitalarios. Conclusiones: La aplicación del plan de alta en enfermería es una de las formas para fomentar la reintegración del paciente a la sociedad, ya que nos proporciona una visión completa, rápida y veraz del estado de salud del paciente.
Biomedical Informatics (BMI) has had an exponential growth and its inclusion in UME is a reality. Its development in a medical school is a dynamic process that responds to educational and technological perspectives. The purposes of this document are: 1) to describe the experience of the Department of Biomedical Informatics (DIB) at the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico since 2016, and 2) to present twelve tips to strengthen BMI in an UME program.So that students can acquire and develop BMI competencies, a DIB needs to: evaluate the school organization; apply an educational management style based in a culture of change; integrate an interdisciplinary teaching team; invite students to be novice teachers; lead the faculty development; promote continuous teacher development; form a learning community; update the academic program; consider new paradigms and technologies to improve the educational process; use online learning; identify and assess BMI competencies; and bring the students closer to applied BMI through research, technology development, innovation and entrepreneurship.If a school wishes to include BMI it needs a wide perspective, as this field is essential to deal with the digital era and the healthcare challenges of the future. As educators, we should get involved with BMI and learn about it, because we have the social responsibility to train competent professionals who will adapt their practice to scientific and technological changes, and to solve emerging health problems.
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