RESUMELa couverture des besoins nutritionnels des cobayes domestiques au Cameroun demeure un challenge surtout qu'ils sont essentiellement nourris aux graminées fourragères. La supplémentation de leur ration par des légumineuses fourragères peut améliorer leur productivité. L'objectif de ce travail est donc d'améliorer l'alimentation de ces animaux à travers la diversification des sources de protéine de la ration. Pour cet essai, 48 femelles ont préalablement été mises en croisement avec 8 mâles pendant une période de 31 jours selon un dispositif factoriel de quatre lots comptant 12 femelles chacun. Chaque lot recevait Panicum maximum ad libitum associé à 20 g/j/animal de l'aliment composé sans légumineuse (PM), contenant Arachis glabrata (PM-AG), Calliandra calothyrsus (PM-CC) ou Desmodium intortum (PM-DI). Les résultats montrent qu'aucune différence significative (P >0,05) n'a été observée entre les traitements de la naissance au sevrage pour les poids moyens des femelles allaitantes. A la naissance et au sevrage, les poids moyens les plus élevés des cochonnets étaient respectivement de 84,85 g et 170,67 g obtenu avec les animaux du lot PM-DI. Tenant compte de leur régime herbivore, les légumineuses de cette étude peuvent être utilisées comme sources de protéine pour l'alimentation des cobayes en milieu rural sans affecter leurs performances de production. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Légumineuses fourragère, Panicum maximum, cobayes, performances de croissance.Pre-weaning growth of cavies feed on Panicum maximum supplemented with diet containing Arachis glabrata, Calliandra calothyrsus or Desmodium intortum E. MIEGOUE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 10(1): 313-325, 2016 314 ABSTRACT Domestic cavies in Cameroon are essentially feed on graminaceous forages and then, to afford their nutrient requirement become a real challenge. The supplementation of their diet by leguminous forages can improve their productivity. This work aimed at improving cavies feeding through diversification of protein sources. For this trial, 48 female cavies were first put in breeding with 8 males for 31 days and then organized in a factorial design into four groups of 12 females each. Each groups received Panicum maximum ad libitum associated to 20 g/day/animal of mixed food without leguminous forages (PM), or mixed feed containing Arachis glabrata (PM-AG), Calliandra calothyrsus (PM-CC) or Desmodium intortum (PM-DI). Results reveal no significant differences (P > 0.05) between treatments for the mean weekly live weighs of the breast-feeding females from parturition to weaning. At birth, the higher average live weight of young cavies was 84,85 g obtained with animal of group receiving the diet containing D. intortum. It was the same at weaning with the same group that has average weight of 170.67 g. Leguminous forages used in this trial can be included as protein sources in cavies feed in rural landscape without affecting their production performances.

Various configurations of vegetated bed systems with a variety of macrophytes have been tested experimentally in Cameroon, for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The aim of this work was to assess the growth and biomass production of Fuirena umbellata (Cyperaceae) and its potentials in the removal of faecal bacteria and nutrients from primarily treated domestic effluent. A wetland vegetated with this macrophyte and a non-vegetated wetland (control) were continuously fed with primarily treated domestic wastewater at an estimated loading rate of 205 Litres/day in dry and rainy seasons for two consecutive years. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the effluent were monitored at the inflow and outflows of the wetlands alongside with the growth and productivity attributes of the young plants during each season. The density of plants ranged in the wetland from 17 -185 plants/ m 2 and from 11 -146 plants/m 2 respectively during the first and the second years. More biomasses were instead produced in the dry seasons than in the rainy seasons but with no significant differences observed. As for nutrients removal, higher efficiencies were observed in the vegetated wetland (45% -73%) compared to the non-vegetated control (17% -66%). Similar trends were observed for the faecal bacteria but with no significant differences between the seasons. However, the vegetated beds were significantly more efficient than the non-vegetated control in the reduction of many physicochemical parameters and faecal bacteria. This varied with the seasons.

Pérez. 2019. Effects of different poultry manure fertilization levels and cutting times on Moringa oleifera production. Cien. Inv. Agr. 46(3): 310-318. The effects of different poultry manure fertilization levels and cutting times on the growth of Moringa oleifera were evaluated. A factorial design comparing six levels of poultry manure (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha -1 ) and three cutting times (4, 6 and 8 months) with four replicates was used. One month after sowing, fertilization was performed. At each cutting time, 20 plants were collected per treatment for height and diameter measurements. Stem, leaf and whole plant biomass values were assessed for each plot based on the rate of fertilization with poultry manure and the cutting time. The results showed that irrespective of the cutting time, the largest plant height and diameter were obtained with 200 kg N ha -1 (160.37 ± 6.33 cm and 2.37 ± 0.33 cm, respectively). The biomass of stems, leaves and whole plants increased with the level of N fertilization. The highest biomass was obtained with cutting at 6 months and a fertilization rate of 200 kg N ha -1 (1.51 ± 0.01, 0.90 ± 0.01 and 2.41 ± 0.05 t MS/ ha, respectively, for leaves, stems and whole plants). In conclusion, the application of poultry manure at a rate of 200 kg N ha -1 at the vegetative growth stage is optimal for Moringa oleífera production.

The study of the effect of added quantity of the essential oil of Callistemon viminalis on the in vivo digestibility of Pennisetum clandestinum and some biochemical parameters on the West African Dwarf goat was conducted with nine old West African Dwarf goats. After the adaptation period, each animal received 900 and 100 g/day of Pennisetum clandestinum hay and concentrate respectively, associated with 0, 100 or 200 mg essential oil/kg of DM. The samples of 100 g of each ration, faeces and 10 ml of urine were collected and analyzed for chemical composition and the evaluation of ingestion and digestibility. Also blood samples were obtained from jugular vein of all goats after in vivo digestibility test for the dosage of biochemical parameters. The results of this study show that the ingestion of dry matter, organic matter and the fibers were significantly (p < 0.05) higher on the goat with the ration FPc + HECv200. The digestibilities of these same components were equally higher with the ration FPc + HECv200 (71.00% and 69.00% respectively for the dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM)). Retained (5.64 g/j) and digested (51.33) nitrogen were significantly (p < 0.05) higher with the ration FPc + HECv200. The values of blood metabolites studied increased significantly (p < 0.05) with added quantity of essential oil in the rations, except for albumin, globulin, glucose and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In general, the incorporation of essential oils of Callistemon viminalis in the ration improved