Atherogenic dyslipidemia is the main risk factor of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), caused atherosclerosis plaque and stenosis of artery coronary. Lipid profile ratio used as a marker of cardiovascular disease severity. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) calculated as logarithm triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) is a reflection of plasma atherogenicity degree and indicator of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Small dense LDL is the best predictor for cardiovascular disease, but expensive and difficult to examined. The aim of this study to determine the correlation of AIP with stenosis level of the coronary artery in ACS.  This research was an analytical study with cross-sectional design in 24 ACS patients meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria and conduct blood tests at the Central Laboratory Installation of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang in January 2017- September 2017. Triglycerides and HDL-C performed by an enzymatic colorimetric method and stenosis level determined by coronary angiography. Spearman correlation was used to analyze correlation of atherogenic plasma index with stenosis level of the coronary artery, significant if p<0.05.  The subjects of this study were 20 males (83.3%) and 4 females (16.6%) with mean age 57.6(7.9) years. The mean level of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in ACS were 34.8 (8.7) mg/dL and 155.8 (51.8)  mg/dL. The mean level of  AIP in ACS was 0.28 (0.18). Median of stenosis level of coronary artery was 80% with range 50% - 95%. Spearman correlation test showed a moderate positive correlation between AIP with stenosis level of the coronary artery in ACS (r= 0.426 ; p<0.05).  There is a moderate positive correlation between AIP with stenosis level of the coronary artery in ACS.

AbstrakTuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi menular disebabkan oleh M. tuberculosis yang apabila tidak diobati atau pengobatannya tidak tuntas dapat menimbulkan komplikasi bahkan kematian. Menegakkan diagnosis TB yang cepat dan akurat membutuhkan pemeriksaan yang cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kesesuaian uji cepat antigen M. tuberculosis dengan pulasan BTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Sentral RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari bulan April 2016 sampai dengan September 2016. Sampel sputum tersangka TB diperiksa menggunakan uji cepat antigen M. tuberculosis dengan prinsip immunochromatography dan pulasan BTA dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 23 dilakukan uji cepat antigen M. tuberculosis didapatkan 9 (39,1%) positif dan 14 (60,9%) negatif. Pulasan BTA didapatkan 6 (26,1%) positif dan 17 (73,9%) negatif. Uji kesesuaian antara uji cepat antigen M. tuberculosis dengan pulasan BTA didapatkan nilai Kappa 0,321 (p=0,108) dengan interpretasi cukup, tetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05). Tidak terdapat kesesuaian antara uji cepat antigen M. tuberculosis dengan pulasan BTA. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih banyak dan menggunakan baku emas sehingga didapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas. AbstractTuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis, if not treated properly can be fatal. Rapid test is needed to diagnose TB accuratly. The aim of this study is to determine the agreement of M. tuberculosis antigen with acid fast bacilli smear. This was an analytic study with cross sectional design in Central Laboratorium Installation of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from April 2016 until September 2016. Rapid test for M. tuberculosis antigen is using immunochromatography method and acid-fast bacilli smear is using Ziehl Neelsen method, both of test were performed in suspected tuberculosis sputum sample. There were nine (39,1%) positive, 14 (60,9%) negative with rapid test, and six (26,1%) positive, 17 (73,9%) negative with acid fast bacilli smear. Kappa coefficient of agreement between M. tuberculosis antigen rapid test and acid-fast bacilli smear is 0,321 (p=0,108) with fair agreement interpretation but not statisticaly significant. There is no agreement between M. tuberculosis antigen rapid test and acid-fast bacilli smear. Further research is needed with large sample and using gold standard method.

Prevalensi Escherichia coli dan Klebsiella pneumoniae penghasil Extended spectrum beta Lactamase (ESBL) meningkat dalam beberapa tahun ini. Infeksi bakteri penghasil ESBL memiliki pilihan terapi yang terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan pola sensitivitas antibiotik dari Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap 828 sampel mikrobiologi dengan hasil kultur positif terhadap bakteri Gram negatif pada bulan Juni 2018- Mei 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Identifikasi bakteri, pemeriksaan ESBL dan uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan alat mikrobiologi otomatis dengan metode kolorimetri dan turbidimetri. Hasil: Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamill Padang  masing-masing sebanyak 70,9% dan 75,7%. Sensitivitas Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL adalah 96,4% dan 98,8 terhadap antibiotik meropenem, 98,9% dan 99,4% terhadap antibiotik amikasin, 53,5% dan 44,8% terhadap antibiotik sefepim, 46,2% dan 53,4% terhadap antibiotik gentamisin serta 31,5% dan 15,9% terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin. Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata prevalensi kedua bakteri 73,2%. Simpulan: Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem dan amikasin.Kata kunci: ESBL, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, prevalensi

Sepsis is a medical emergency that describes systemic inflammation reaction to infectious process that can lead to organ dysfunction and death. Sequential Organ Failure Assesment (SOFA) score is used to assess severity of organ dysfunction in septic patients. Immature platelet fraction (IPF) value can be used to evaluate thrombopoiesis. Research shows IPF can provide information regarding inflammatory activity and disease prognosis. A high IPF value in septic patient indicates the formation and recruitment of immature platelets that are triggered by infection. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between IPF value and SOFA score in sepsis patients. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design in 28 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducted IPF tests at Central Laboratory of Dr M. Djamil Padang Hospital. The study was conducted from February 2020 to March 2021. Value of IPF was performed using automated hematology analyzer with flow cytometry method and SOFA scores are assessed by clinicians and obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test, significant if p <0.05. Median value of IPF in patients with sepsis was 4.8 (1.4-15.7) %. Median of SOFA score in patients with sepsis was 5,5 (2-12). Correlation test showed a strong positive correlation between IPF values and SOFA score with r= 0.684 and p <0.05. There was a strong positive correlation between IPF values and SOFA score in sepsis.

AbstrakUlkus kaki diabetes merupakan komplikasi kronik diabetes melitus yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya infeksi bakteri. Bakteri yang umum diisolasi dari infeksi ulkus kaki diabetes adalah Gram-positif dan Gram-negatif. Pemakaian antibiotik pada terapi ulkus kaki diabetes pada setiap rumah sakit berbeda sehingga terjadi perbedaan sensitivitas antibiotik. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi bakteri gram negatif dan uji sensitivitas pada ulkus kaki diabetes di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif telah dilakukan pada seluruh swab dari ulkus kaki diabetes di bangsal penyakit dalam yang dikultur menggunakan agar darah di Laboratorium Sentral RSUP Dr M Djamil periode Agustus 2015 sampai Juli 2016. Identifikasi bakteri dengan pewarnaan Gram dan tes biokimia. Uji  sensitivitas antibiotik menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer sesuai dengan standar CLSI. Hasil: Bakteri yang ditemukan dari swab Ulkus kaki diabetes adalah Proteus sp (36%), Klebsiella sp (34%), Pseudomonas sp (21%), dan Acinetobacter sp (9%). Proteus sp sensitif terhadap meropenem (90%) dan resisten terhadap erithromycin (100%). Klebsiella  sp resisten terhadap ampicilin (94,7%) dan sensitif terhadap Meropenem (36.8%). Pseudomonas sp sensitif terhadap meropenem (83.3%) dan sebagian besar resisten terhadap antibiotik yang diuji. Acinetobacter sp sebagian besar resisten terhadap antibiotik yang diuji, hanya 40% sensitif terhadap meropenem. Simpulan: Bakteri terbanyak penyebab ulkus kaki diabetes di bangsal penyakit dalam pada periode Agustus 2015 sampai Juli 2016 adalah Proteus sp, yang sensitif terhadap meropenem dan resisten terhadap erithromycin.