The creative industries are recognized as one of the most perspective sectors of the economy with high potential to both contribute to local and regional prosperity and employment generation. Globally, the cultural and creative industries (CCIs, or culture and creative sector) became a large part of the economy in the first decade of the 21st century. They made a 3% contribution to the global economy. They generate US $2250 billion and create 29.5 million jobs worldwide. In parallel to economic benefits, the cultural and creative sectors also deliver benefits to people. They foster sustainable urban development, creativity, and culture. Furthermore, they support the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. Creativity and culture also have significant intangible value. They promote social inclusion and encourage dialogue and understanding between people. Culture is both a driver and an enabler of sustainable human development. It empowers people to take responsibility for their own development and boosts innovation and creativity, which can drive inclusive and sustainable development. The presence of CCI in a particular area is an important factor of competitiveness, image, and economic development. This paper presents the results of a study on the determinants of the development of creative industries in the Baltic Sea Region. The summary of the main results of the study focuses on the economic importance, innovation in creative enterprises, and the needs of organizations to grow. It shows that creative industries, which are characterized by rather small entities and elastic work organizations, acquire new ideas and approaches primarily through the mobility of independent employees. Since creative industries make a decisive contribution to the competitiveness of the national innovation system and enhance sustainable growth at the same time, it concludes with implications and challenges for regional innovation policies to improve the framework conditions for creative industries. This article presents the conclusions of research that was conducted in four countries of the Baltic Sea Region (Germany, Sweden, Lithuania, and Poland). The research was conducted by using a Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) survey. A total of 682 correctly completed questionnaires were obtained. The results were subjected to statistical inference, in which the technique of detecting hidden interdependencies between the examined phenomena using the V-Cramer method was also applied. The main aim of this article is to verify the state of the creative industry in the Baltic Sea Region. And the research hypothesis is that the organizations of creative sectors are doing well in turbulent circumstances, and, by doing so, they continually enhance the realization of sustainability goals.

Innovation is one of the most important factors stimulating the economy. It plays a special role in the Transport and Logistics (T&L) sector as it enables the acceleration of meeting needs process. During the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, many industries were and still are facing a tough economic test. The recession is also noticeable in transport, freight forwarding and logistics. However, how does this sector cope with the existing problems? Has the adoption rate of innovation been stopped in this sector? Do T&L developers see the potential of innovations and do they see them as a remedy and response to the pandemic threat? These issues have been thoroughly considered in the presented publication. The paper presents conclusions and selected results from a study on the adoption of innovations by companies in the transport and logistics sector during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic in Sweden, Germany and Poland. As many as three research hypotheses were adopted, which after being subjected to statistical fractional verification and evaluated substantively on the basis of the literature review and conclusions of research conducted, proved to be true. The aim of this paper was to verify the principles and determinants of innovation policy in T&L enterprises in selected countries during the pandemic crisis. Moreover, the paper contains an analysis of the entrepreneurs’ experiences in the context of improving and developing their activities during economic crises, e.g., in 2008. It also presents the motivation and methodology of research. In addition to standard quantitative summaries, the authors conducted identification of correlations between the studied phenomena using the Cramer’s V method and chi-square statistics. Obtained results allowed to better understand the processes taking place and to determine the general state and prospects of further innovation development in the T&L sector during the pandemic and ubiquitous restrictions.

Reprezentanci pokolenia Y podejmują decyzje konsumenckie w rzeczywistości VUCA. Wykazują silne preferencje w zakresie przygotowania i organizacji podróży, dla których wzory realizacji oparte zostały o własne poczucie bezpieczeństwa. Skutki trwającej pandemii Covid-19 oraz wojny w Ukrainie stały się impulsem dla weryfikacji oczekiwań i preferencji osób urodzonych w latach 1982-2002 w zakresie świadczenia handlowej usługi lotniczej. Na podstawie opinii respondentów przynależących do pokolenia Y, potwierdzono redefinicję bezpieczeństwa wybranych środków transportu wobec otaczającej rzeczywistości i zidentyfikowano zależność pomiędzy oceną jakości pasażerskiego transportu lotniczego a poczuciem bezpieczeństwa.

The cruise ship market is steadily growing but dominated by large “mass-tourism all inclusive” ships, only able to stop in large ports offering necessary conditions and infrastructure but only marginally profiting from passengers themselves, because operators organise all activities and money is spent mostly on ships. This focus on the large cruise ships opens niche markets/touristic segments for smaller ships/ports and more individual travelling and tourists for whom targeted products have to be developed. First contacts to SCS operators show that a small market exists but that also small ships usually only stop at large ports (National Geographic Expeditions/NGE) or struggle to develop marketable products (e.g. former Hurtigruten ship Nordstjernen). The goal of this article is to show the current situation of small cruise ships (SCS) in the Baltic Sea Region with a particular focus and example of Szczecin Port.

In order to ensure the highest level of maritime travel safety, standards and rules are applied aimed at eliminating potential risks. In view of changes in the environment – as a result of, among others, the Covid-19 pandemic and Russia’s aggression against Ukraine – it has become necessary to verify expec-tations and preferences towards the provision of maritime transport services from the perspective of its users, representing generation Y. A key factor for evaluating cruise maritime service in the situation of current threats was identi-fied to achieve the objective of this study. At the same time, groups of factors responsible for the emergence of threats to travelers were identified, and pro-posals for measures to increase confidence in maritime transportation were evaluated from the perspective of the surveyed participants.