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Orodispersible films (ODFs) address the needs of pediatric and geriatric patients and people with swallowing difficulties due to fast disintegration in the mouth. Typically, they are obtained using the solvent casting method, but other techniques such as 3D printing and electrospinning have already been investigated. The decision on the manufacturing method is of crucial importance because it affects film properties. This study aimed to compare electrospun ODFs containing aripiprazole and polyvinyl alcohol with films prepared using casting and 3D printing methods. Characterization of films included DSC and XRD analysis, microscopic analysis, the assessment of mechanical parameters, disintegration, and dissolution tests. Simplified stability studies were performed after one month of storage. All prepared films met acceptance criteria for mechanical properties. Electrospun ODFs disintegrated in 1.0 s, which was much less than in the case of other films. Stability studies have shown the sensitivity of electrospun films to the storage condition resulting in partial recrystallization of ARP. These changes negatively affected the dissolution rate, but mechanical properties and disintegration time remained at a desirable level. The results demonstrated that electrospun fibers are promising solutions that can be used in the future for the treatment of patients with swallowing problems.

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Orodispersible films (ODF) in individualized therapy • One of the mains factors affecting the effectiveness and safety of the therapy is the development of an appropriate dosage form adapted to the age of the patients and ease to administer as well as a dosing devices that provide flexible dosing. This approach is in accordance with the idea of patientcentered treatment. Given advantages such as safety, easy swallowing and flexible dose adjustment, special attention is paid to oral dosage forms such as orally disintegrating tablets, minitablets and orodispersible films (ODF). The ODF films are indicated as a suitable dosage form for pediatric, geriatric and uncooperative patients due to their fast disintegration in the mouth without need for water to facilitate swallowing, adhesion to the oral cavity to prevent spitting out the medicine and the ability to adjust the dose of the drug for an individual patient. According to many studies, orodispersible films are well accepted by infants and preschool children, their caregivers (nurses) and parents. They have the form of a postage stamp sized strip of thin polymeric film applied on the tongue. The ODF films can be manufactured using various methods, i.e. casting method, hot melt extrusion, electrospinning or printing (inkjet, flexographic and 3D printing) on an industrial scale and potentially in hospital pharmacies. Extemporaneous preparation of the ODF films create more dose flexibility affecting patient's adherence to pharmacotherapy. Innovative solutions in this area concern also designed specifically devices for storage and dosing of ODF, as well as methods of labeling and identification of single doses, for example Quick Response (QR) codes. The paper presents a review of the literature from recent years regarding new technology in the terms of the ODF films preparation, including manufacturing methods and modification of the drug release, as well as the possibilities of their application in individualization of the therapy especially in pediatric and geriatric population.