The production and quality of strawberries may vary according to cultivar, transplant origin, and the system of plant cultivation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different organic substrates and different transplant origins on strawberry production and fruit quality. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a 2x2x4 factorial scheme using two cultivars (Albion and Camarosa) obtained from different origins (National-Brazilian and Imported-Argentine) and four combinations of substrates: (crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + organic compost [30%], crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%], burnt rice husks [70%] + organic compost [30%], and burnt rice husks [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%]). The experimental unit was composed of eight plants, with repetition in four blocks. The quality parameters of titrable total acidity, total soluble solids, ratio of sugar / acidity, firmness, and pulp coloration (chroma, hue angle, and L*, a* and b*) were evaluated, as were the production parameters of total number of fruits, total fruit production, average fruit mass, non-commercial fruit production, commercial fruit production and total productivity. The substrate influences the strawberry production variables. Fruit yield was highest in the Camarosa cultivar grown on the S3 substrate mixture. The cultivar, the transplant origin and the cultivation substrate influence fruit AT. SST and AT / SST are influenced only by cultivar and transplant origin. Chroma differs between plants with different transplant origins. Camarosa of National origin cultivated in burnt rice husks + organic compost presented the best production results and fruit quality.
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do extrato aquoso de tubérculos de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus), comparando-o com a ação dos hormônios vegetais ácido indolbutírico e ácido naftalenoacético, em estacas de videira (Vitis vinifera L. [var. Bordô e Niágara]). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas variedades (Bordô e Niágara) e quatro indutores de enraizamento (ácido indolbutírico, ácido naftalenoacético, extrato aquoso de tiririca e água destilada – controle). Após 125 dias de condução do experimento, foram avaliados: número de folhas, número de raízes, número de brotos, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz e das folhas. O extrato aquoso de tiririca promoveu resultados satisfatórios sobre o número de brotos e o comprimento de raízes, não diferindo estatisticamente dos hormônios vegetais sintéticos. Entretanto a resposta foi diferente entre as variedades, não ocasionando incremento significativo de massa seca de raiz e de folhas. O número de folhas das variedades de videira é dependente do genótipo, assim como a matéria seca de raiz e de folhas. O extrato aquoso de tiririca pode ser uma alternativa sustentável para promover o enraizamento de estacas, em função da presença de substâncias que estimulam o enraizamento.
Secondary metabolites are produced by certain plant species and may influence the development of some species through the action of allelopathic effects. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Lippia alba essential oil on the germination, emergence and vigor of seedlings of different batches of lettuce seeds. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3´5 factorial scheme consisting of three batches of seeds of the cultivar Grand Rapids® and five doses of L. alba essential oil (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%) diluted in distilled water and homogenized in Tween® 80. Seed germination and vigor, in the laboratory (experiment I), and emergence, in a protected environment (experiment II), were evaluated. The results demonstrated that there was an inhibitory effect with a significant reduction of germination, vigor and seed emergence when L. alba essential oil was added starting at concentrations of 0.25%. The essential oil showed allelopathic potential over different lettuce seed lots, affecting germination, vigor and seed emergence.
A qualidade da produção de mudas de espécies florestais é afetada pela composição do substrato. Diante disso, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de cerejeira (Eugenia involucrata DC.) sob diferentes composições de substrato. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos no interior de ambiente protegido da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Frederico Westphalen, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, constituído de cinco tratamentos com seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes composições de substratos, sendo: T1- 45% de solo + 45% de areia + 10% de vermiculita; T2- 45% de solo + 45% de areia + 10% de vermiculita + 108 g de Osmocote®; T3- 35% de solo + 35% de areia + 10% de vermiculita + 20% de cama de aves; T4- 35% de solo + 35% de areia + 10% de vermiculita + 20% de esterco bovino; T5- 35% de solo + 35% de areia + 10% de vermiculita + 20% de composto suíno. As variáveis avaliadas foram altura de plantas, diâmetro de caule, massa fresca e seca de raiz e massa fresca e seca de parte aérea. Os resultados demonstraram que a composição dos substratos influenciou sobre o desenvolvimento inicial das mudas de cerejeira, apresentando variações em relação as variáveis avaliadas. Por fim, conclui-se que o substrato composto por 45% de solo + 45% de areia + 10% de vermiculita + 108 gramas de Osmocote® proporciona maiores incrementos de fitomassa nas plantas, sendo recomendado para produção de mudas de cerejeira.
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