No abstract

The production and quality of strawberries may vary according to cultivar, transplant origin, and the system of plant cultivation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different organic substrates and different transplant origins on strawberry production and fruit quality. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a 2x2x4 factorial scheme using two cultivars (Albion and Camarosa) obtained from different origins (National-Brazilian and Imported-Argentine) and four combinations of substrates: (crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + organic compost [30%], crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%], burnt rice husks [70%] + organic compost [30%], and burnt rice husks [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%]). The experimental unit was composed of eight plants, with repetition in four blocks. The quality parameters of titrable total acidity, total soluble solids, ratio of sugar / acidity, firmness, and pulp coloration (chroma, hue angle, and L*, a* and b*) were evaluated, as were the production parameters of total number of fruits, total fruit production, average fruit mass, non-commercial fruit production, commercial fruit production and total productivity. The substrate influences the strawberry production variables. Fruit yield was highest in the Camarosa cultivar grown on the S3 substrate mixture. The cultivar, the transplant origin and the cultivation substrate influence fruit AT. SST and AT / SST are influenced only by cultivar and transplant origin. Chroma differs between plants with different transplant origins. Camarosa of National origin cultivated in burnt rice husks + organic compost presented the best production results and fruit quality.

To obtain the best productive performances strawberry plants require an accumulation of cold hours which varies by cultivar; this project evaluated phyllochron, the quality and fruit production from vernalized and non-vernalized seedlings of the strawberry cultivars Albion and Camarosa. The treatments consisted of seedling vernalized before planting for 200 cold hours in a cold chamber with temperatures 4.0 ºC. Seedlings in the control treatments were not vernalized and were transplanted directly after arrival. Phyllochron was evaluated (estimated by the inverse of the angular coefficient of the linear regression between the number of leaves in the main crown and the sum of thermal time accumulated for each transplanted seedling), in addition to production parameters (number of commercial fruits, number of non-commercial fruits, production of commercial and non-commercial fruits); and fruit quality (titratable acidity, total soluble solids and ratio titratable acidity/total soluble solids). The exposure of strawberry seedlings to vernalization treatments significantly affected productivity but did not affect leaf emission rates or quality of fruits, although these factors were different among cultivars. Camarosa showed greater leaf emission rates and higher productivity per plant and lower titratable acidity than Albion which may be related to genotypic acclimatization. Seedling vernalization is recommended because it results in greater fruit production. The cultivar with higher fruit production is Camarosa.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of fi ve light qualities [fl uorescent lamps (FL); white (WL), red (RL), blue (BL), or red/blue LEDs (RBL)] and two types of fl ask sealing (with or without porous membranes) in the in vitro germination and growth of two Capsicum frutescens cultivars (Espaguetinho and Cayenne). For this, two seeds were inoculated per fl ask (350 mL) containing 50 mL of MS medium with 100 mg L -1 myo-inositol, 30 g L -1 sucrose, 6.0 g L -1 agar, and pH 5.8 ± 0.1. The plants were kept under culture room conditions (16-h photoperiod, 25 ± 2°C and irradiance of 40 μmol m -2 s -1 ).The experiment was arranged in CRD, 2x5x2 factorial scheme (Cultivar X Light qualities X Sealing type). At 42 days, the following traits were evaluated: percentage of germination; root and shoot length; number of green leaves, senescent leaves and nodal segments; and fresh and dry weight. Plants grown under RL and BRL, showed greater number of green leaves, and longer shoots and roots. The use of porous membranes remarkably reduced the number of senescent leaves. Thus, the use of porous membranes, RL and BRL are recommended since they improve growth and development of pepper in vitro.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do extrato aquoso de tubérculos de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus), comparando-o com a ação dos hormônios vegetais ácido indolbutírico e ácido naftalenoacético, em estacas de videira (Vitis vinifera L. [var. Bordô e Niágara]). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas variedades (Bordô e Niágara) e quatro indutores de enraizamento (ácido indolbutírico, ácido naftalenoacético, extrato aquoso de tiririca e água destilada – controle). Após 125 dias de condução do experimento, foram avaliados: número de folhas, número de raízes, número de brotos, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz e das folhas. O extrato aquoso de tiririca promoveu resultados satisfatórios sobre o número de brotos e o comprimento de raízes, não diferindo estatisticamente dos hormônios vegetais sintéticos. Entretanto a resposta foi diferente entre as variedades, não ocasionando incremento significativo de massa seca de raiz e de folhas. O número de folhas das variedades de videira é dependente do genótipo, assim como a matéria seca de raiz e de folhas. O extrato aquoso de tiririca pode ser uma alternativa sustentável para promover o enraizamento de estacas, em função da presença de substâncias que estimulam o enraizamento.