Simple, operational tools are required for forest managers to quantify the effects of soil fertility on tree growth and ecosystem sustainability leading to precise, sustainable forest management. The simplified process-based 3-PG model (Landsberg, J.J., and Waring, R.H., For. Ecol. Manage. 95: 209–228, 1997) provides a useful framework for operational prediction of forest growth. However, no simple objective method for relating the effects of available soil nutrients to the model fertility parameter fertility rating (FR) is yet available. The present study aimed to compare several general modeling approaches for the estimation of FR values from soil relative nutrient contents (RNCs) to maximum nonlimiting values, measured in the whole soil profile, at continuous inventory plots of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in several locations under different parent materials in northwestern Spain. The modeling approaches tested provided good predictions of FR values from RNCs. In particular, using the minimum value of the most significant RNCs showed considerable potential for modeling FR values and plantation growth responses to them. This modeling approach showed promise to be further tested as a generally applicable strategy for estimating the effect of soil nutrients on forest plantations growth.
A Bayesian procedure coupled with Gibbs sampling was implemented to obtain inferences about genetic parameters and breeding values for height and diameter of 7-year-old Eucalyptus globulus Labill. is described. The data set consisted of 21 708 trees from 260 open-pollinated families taken from 10 different Australian provenances, from one Spanish population, and from two clones. The trees are distributed over eight sites in the south of Spain, with 20 blocks per site. Data were corrected for heterogeneity of phenotypic variances between blocks. In the analysis, a self-pollination rate of 30% for the open-pollinated families is assumed in the relationship matrix. The posterior means (and standard deviations) of the heritabilities of height and diameter and the genetic and phenotypic correlation were 0.217 (0.014), 0.128 (0.084), 0.768 (0.028), and 0.799 (0.003). Results from the standard restricted maximum likelihood method were 0.173, 0.113, 0.759, and 0.798, respectively. Most of the discrepancy in heritability estimates from both methods can be attributed to the adjustement of residual maximum likelihood estimates to the assumed self-pollination rate, which ignores the presence of clones in the trial. The effect of the method of prediction of breeding values (best linear unbiased prediction or Bayesian techniques) on the genetic superiority of the selected trees was not important. Differences in breeding value among provenances and among families were evidenced for both traits.Résumé : Les auteurs ont utilisé une approche basée sur la loi de Bayes conjointement avec la méthode d'échantillonnage de Gibbs afin d'obtenir des estimations de paramètres génétiques et de valeurs en croisement pour la hauteur et le diamètre chez des sujets d'Eucalyptus globulus Labill. âgés de 7 ans. La base de données comprenait 21 708 arbres représentatifs de 260 descendances issues de pollinisation libre originant de 10 provenances australiennes différentes, d'une population d'Espagne et de deux clones. Les arbres ont été répartis sur huit sites dans le sud de l'Espagne, à raison de 20 blocs par site. Les données ont été corrigées pour l'hétérogénéité des variances phénotypiques observée parmi les blocs. Lors de la réalisation des analyses, les auteurs ont assumé un taux d'auto-fertilisation de 30% pour les descendances issues de pollinisation libre. Cette valeur fut intégrée au sein de la matrice de liens de parenté. Les moyennes corrigées (et leurs écarts types) d'héritabilité pour la hauteur et le diamètre et de corrélations génétique et phénotypique affichaient des valeurs respectives de 0,217 (0,014), 0,128 (0,084), 0,768 (0,028) et 0,799 (0,003). Les résultats correspondants découlant de l'emploi de la méthode type du maximum de vraisemblance restreinte étaient respectivement de 0,173, 0,113, 0,759 et 0,798. La plus grande partie de la divergence entre les estimés d'héritabilité découlant des deux méthodes pouvait s'expliquer par la correction des estimés découlant de la méthode de maximum de vraisemblance résiduelle afin de t...
Eucalyptus nitens tiene una importancia creciente en el norte de España como especie de plantación alternativa a Eucalyptus globulus en áreas frías o muy afectadas por plagas y enfermedades. Se presentan los resultados de crecimiento y mortalidad de 3 ensayos de procedencias de Eucalyptus nitens situados en Galicia, norte de España. Los ensayos se ubicaron en suelos ácidos, a latitud próxima a 43ºN, altitud de 650 a 700 m, con condiciones climáticas atlánticas y se midieron desde los 3 a los 8 años (un ensayo) y 14 años (2 ensayos). Un total de 11 procedencias estaban representadas, totalizando 1440 pies evaluados. La reciente parametrización del modelo de proceso 3-PG para plantaciones comerciales de Eucalyptus nitens (procedencias Barrington Tops y, particularmente, Macalister) se ha empleado para evaluar el comportamiento de las distintas procedencias analizadas. Se discuten las posibles estrategias a considerar para la adaptación del modelo 3-PG a distintas procedencias o materiales genéticos mejorados que se comienzan a emplear en plantaciones comerciales
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