Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed the experience of higher education with potentially negative consequences for students’ wellbeing. Objectives To compare medicine/dentistry students’ depression/anxiety/stress levels before versus during the pandemic and to analyse the role of COVID-19-related stressors in their psychological distress. Methods Students from the Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra answered socio-demographic and personality questionnaires and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale/DASS before (academic years 2016-2017-2018-2019 - SAMPLE1; n=1000) and during (September-December 2020 and January-March 2021 - SAMPLE2; n=650) the COVID-19 pandemic. Mean age (21.12±3.75), personality traits scores, and gender proportions (»75% girls) did not significantly differ between samples. SAMPLE2 also filled in the Fear of COVID-19 Scale and a new version of the Inventory of Sources of Stress During Medical Education/ISSDME, containing a COVID-19 -related dimension (restrictions on training and on socializing with friends/colleagues). Results SAMPLE2 presented significantly higher mean scores of depression (3.89±3.55vs.3.33±3.34), anxiety (3.27±4.08vs.2.86±3.29), stress (7.07±5.72vs.6.18±4.59) and total DASS (12.28±10.55vs.13.65±11.13) than SAMPLE1 (all p<.05). Fear of COVID-19 was a significant predictor of DASS score (adjusted R2=2.9%, p<.001). COVID-19-related stressors continued explaining significant increments of DASS variance after controlling for each of the ISSDME dimensions: Course demands (R2 Change=1.8%), Human demands (2.5%), Lifestyle (2.3%), Academic competition (5.5%), and Academic adjustment (5.2%) (all p<.001). Conclusions This study adds to the evidence of the negative impact of COVID-19 on students and emphasizes its pernicious role on medical students’ psychological distress, which is already higher due to the individual and academic stressors to which they are more exposed. Disclosure No significant relationships.

INTRODUÇÃO:A Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE) é uma condição clínica desenvolvida na presença de um fluxo retrógrado do conteúdo gástrico de volta para o esôfago, sendo que alguns mecanismos envolvidos na patogênese de DRGE são referentes a disfunção do esfíncter esofágico inferior. A doença pode se apresentar de três formas: típica com azia e regurgitação, forma atípica e forma extra-esofágica. OBJETIVOS: Sintetizar a problemática da Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE), suas repercussões clínicas extra-esofágicas na otorrinolaringologia e conduta terapêutica. METODOLOGIA: É uma revisão de literatura narrativa de natureza exploratória. As etapas de construção dessa revisão foram: selecionar o tema e a questão de pesquisa, buscar artigos nas bases de dados digitais no período de 2015 a 2021, sendo elas, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Literatura Latino -americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), aplicar critérios de inclusão e exclusão na amostra, além da discussão dos resultados apresentados pelos artigos. Os descritores utilizados foram "extraesophageal manifestations", "gastro esophageal reflux disease", "otorhinolaryngology" e "pharyngolaryngeal reflux disease". A busca incorporou artigos em inglês, espanhol e português e foram excluídos as duplicatas e os artigos que não estavam de acordo com a temática principal. RESULTADOS: A patologia apresenta sinais e sintomas clínicos extra-esofágicos importantes como: tosse, rouquidão, laringite, erosão dentária, apneia obstrutiva do sono, sinusite e ou rinite crônica, dentre outros dentro da otorrinolaringologia. Também foi abordado o tratamento medicamentoso da doença e sua efetividade na resolução desses sintomas. Além de medicamentos como inibidores de bomba de prótons, a mudança no estilo de vida é fundamental. CONCLUSÃO: A DRGE é uma patologia comum na otorrinolaringologia e diretamente relacionada com os hábitos de vida. É importante o médico entender que a DRGE gera sintomas otorrinolaringológicos relevantes e que impactam diretamente na qualidade de vida do paciente, e que devem ser levados em conta na sua terapêutica, que inclui o uso de IBP, mudança do estilo de vida e dieta, para que esta seja efetiva.

Introduction Self-Generated Stress might be defined as stress that is created by oneself by engaging in behavior or making decisions that ultimately add strain to pre-existing personal stress. The Self-Generated Stress Scale (SGSS; Flett et al. 2020) is a seven-item self-report measure built to assess this tendency to make one’s own life more stressful. Objectives To analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese Version of the SGSS. Methods Participants (127 medicine and dentistry students; 78.0% female) answered an online survey including the preliminary Portuguese version of the SGSS and other validated questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory – Students Survey, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, HEXACO-60 and Big Three Perfectionism Scale. Results Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the unidimensional model presented good fit indexes (χ2/df=1.546; RMSEA=.0666, p<.001; CFI=.982 TLI=.972, GFI=.960). The Cronbach’s alfa was .868. Pearson correlations between SGSS and the other measures were significant (p<.01) and moderate/high: Burnout, .412; Stress/Anxiety/Depression, >.550; Perfectionism, .600; Emotionality, .315; Extroversion, -.411. After controlling for the effect of Emotionality and Extroversion, SGSS explained significant additional increments of 19.9% and 14.0% of the DASS and MBI variance; controlling for Perfectionism, the increments were respectively of 27.9% and 2.0%. SGSS mean score (22.96±5.90 was not significantly different by gender. Conclusions As observed with the original English-language scale, the Portuguese version of SGSS showed good validity (construct and convergent-divergent) and internal consistency. As such, the SGSS might be useful in further investigation, particularly to explore the different pathways between personality traits, emotional regulation processes and psychological distress. Disclosure No significant relationships.